含甲烷氧化菌-无机盐的超细水雾降解与抑制瓦斯爆炸的特性与机理研究

The management of mine gas is an important issue in this area. The existing research focuses on the research of the methane oxidizing bacteria directly into the coal for degradation. The project will use the ultra-fine mist carrying the methane oxidizing bacteria-inorganic salt to study the degradation and suppression of the gas explosion. The degradation rate of methane was calculated after the methane oxidized bacteria-inorganic salt injected at intervals through experiments. The relationship among the degradation time, the total amount of bacteria and the gas degradation rate was determined. The effect of the bacteria amount on the explosion suppression effect of different gas concentrations was established. The relationship between the injected bacteria amount and the maximum explosion pressure, maximum rate of pressure rise and flame propagation rate was established. Based on the kinetic equation of the first order reaction, the kinetic equation of the oxidation reaction of methane oxidizing bacteria-inorganic salt degradation gas was used to predict the degradation rate of methane and experimentally verified. The medium parameters of methane oxidized bacteria-inorganic salt were introduced by UDF programming. Methane oxidizing bacteria-inorganic salt ultrafine mist of the discrete phase model and gas explosion flow is coupled with the solution to achieve the entire process of quality, momentum, energy transfer, and further reveals degradation and anti-blast mechanism of the ultra-fine water mist containing methane oxide bacteria-inorganic salt.

矿井瓦斯的治理是该领域关注的重要课题。现有研究侧重于将甲烷氧化菌菌液直接注入煤层降解瓦斯的研究，本项目利用超细水雾搭载含甲烷氧化菌-无机盐菌液，研究其降解与抑制瓦斯爆炸的特性与机理。通过实验得出间歇性喷入含甲烷氧化菌-无机盐的超细水雾对瓦斯的降解率，确定降解时间，喷入菌液总量，瓦斯降解率三者之间的函数关系。研究不同喷入菌液总量对不同浓度瓦斯的抑爆效果的影响，建立喷入菌液总量与最大爆炸压力，最大爆炸升压速率，火焰蔓延速率的函数关系。结合一级反应动力学方程，构建甲烷氧化菌-无机盐降解瓦斯的氧化反应动力学方程预测甲烷降解率并验证实验，利用UDF编程导入含甲烷氧化菌-无机盐的介质参数，构建含甲烷氧化菌-无机盐超细水雾的离散相模型与瓦斯爆炸流场联立耦合求解，实现对整个过程的质量，动量，能量的传递，进一步揭示含甲烷氧化菌的超细水雾-无机盐超细水雾的降解与抑爆机理。

矿井瓦斯爆炸事故近些年来在我国频发，以超细水雾搭载甲烷氧化菌-无机盐菌液，研究其降解与抑制瓦斯爆炸的性能具有重要意义。本项目以降低瓦斯浓度，抑制瓦斯爆炸强度为目标，研究多次喷雾条件下新型甲烷氧化菌抑爆剂的抑爆性能。研究了含菌无机盐超细水雾的雾场特性与甲烷氧化菌菌群数量分布规律，以降解时间为基础，分析了喷入菌液质量对瓦斯降解率的影响。采用间歇喷入不同质量的含甲烷氧化菌-无机盐超细水雾抑制不同体积分数的甲烷爆炸的方法，分析了喷入菌液质量对最大爆炸压力、爆炸升压速率、火焰蔓延速率的影响。结果表明含菌无机盐超细水雾能够有效降低瓦斯浓度，减小瓦斯爆炸的压力，减慢火焰传播的速度，实验过程中无明显的“郁金香”火焰形成，分析了瓦斯爆炸火焰传播的规律，爆炸压力所形成的“两峰三波”的现象。结合一级反应动力学方程拟合甲烷氧化菌-无机盐超细水雾降解瓦斯的氧化反应动力学方程，验证了甲烷降解率与实验所测降解率的差别。分析了甲烷氧化菌降解甲烷的生物机理，细水雾抑制瓦斯爆炸的物理机理和阻断链式反应的化学机理。构建了含甲烷氧化菌-无机盐超细水雾的离散相模型，与预混火焰燃烧模型耦合求解，实现气、液、固三相间的质量、动量和能量的传递数值模拟。为抑制瓦斯爆炸技术的改进和抑爆机理的分析奠定了基础，为推进防火抑爆实际应用的进行提供了理论依据。