基于含氟烟气净化的介孔氧化铝的可控合成基础研究

Mesoporous alumina material, with outstanding properties such as larger pore size and controllable pore structure, have attracted world-wide attention in catalysis and environment field (For example, the purification of fluorine flue gas in the process of aluminium electrolysis). However, there are still lots of difficulties in mesoporous alumina preparation, such as the lack of a method to produce mesoporous alumina with controllable structure in low-cost, which has become a major obstacle to restrict its development and industrial application. And the template commonly used in the synthesis process, which are typically expensive and difficult to be removed and recycled to reuse, is a critical factor. In this research, a novel process for the controllable synthesis of mesoporous alumina using temperature-sensitive intelligent gel as the template, which is easy to be removed from product and recycled to reuse, is proposed. The high quality product with controllable morphology, pore size, pore distribution, precursor crystal, surface acidity and high thermal stability will be prepared,and its chemisorption performance in the purification of fluorine flue gas will be tested. The interaction relationship between the synthesis parameters, structure characteristics and the performance of the mesoporous alumina will be invastigated. Furthermore, the interaction between the template and precursor will be online monitored and researched in interface chemistry, and the growth mechanism of the mesoporous alumina will be revealed. The research focuses on a novel method for the economical and controllable synthesis of mesoporous alumina with outstanding properties and high performance using intelligent gel as template, as well as the process mechanism research, which are of great significance for the preparation and industrial application of mesoporous materials.

介孔氧化铝材料具有较大孔径和可调控的孔道结构等优点，在催化、环境（如铝电解槽排放的含氟烟气的净化）等领域应用前景广阔；而缺乏结构可控、低成本的合成方法成为制约其发展和工业化应用的主要障碍。本项目开发以可重复利用的温敏智能凝胶模板导向介孔材料的绿色可控合成新途径。在研究温敏智能凝胶溶胀机理和介孔结构导向作用基础上，设计合成介孔氧化铝材料，系统研究介孔氧化铝材料形貌、孔分布、晶型、粒度等结构可控合成，并研究其在含氟烟气净化脱氟过程中的化学吸附性能；探讨制备条件对介孔结构、介孔结构对性能的影响规律。通过界面化学研究方法和实时监测手段，研究温敏智能凝胶模板的结构导向作用，并揭示反应动力学和介孔生长动力学。本项目旨在有效解决介孔氧化铝材料合成中结构难控、昂贵模板剂难以脱除和重复利用问题，阐明制备机理，为研制低成本、结构可控的介孔材料及其对环境污染物的净化应用奠定理论和技术基础。

新型介孔氧化铝材料在环境（如铝电解槽排放的含氟烟气净化方面）、催化等领域应用前景广阔。本项目开发以可重复利用的温敏智能凝胶模板导向介孔材料的绿色可控合成新途径, 解决介孔氧化铝材料因缺乏结构可控、低成本的合成方法而制约其发展和应用的问题。本项目以铝酸钠为原料，首次以可重复使用的温敏型智能凝胶甲基纤维素MC为模板，利用MC与前驱体自组装的方法成功制备出比表面积大、孔径分布窄、孔道有序（延近平行线方向进行生长和排列）的介孔氧化铝，产品显示了很好的热稳定性和水热稳定性、表面以强酸性位为主、晶型、形貌和孔径可控。通过界面化学研究方法和实时监测手段，研究了温敏智能凝胶溶胀机理和介孔结构导向作用；通过单因素实验和正交优化实验系统研究了合成过程中各工艺条件对介孔氧化铝材料结构和性能的影响规律，揭示了介孔合成机理；并得到了最优合成工艺；利用介孔氧化铝高活性的化学吸附性能，将得到的介孔氧化铝产品应用于含氟烟气净化脱氟过程，效果良好，能实现含氟烟气深度净化脱氟，脱氟率达到99%以上，经深度净化脱氟后的电解铝含氟烟气达到环保要求。本项目解决了介孔氧化铝材料合成中结构难控、昂贵模板剂难以脱除和重复利用问题，阐明了制备机理，实现了含氟烟气的深度净化脱氟，为研制低成本、结构可控的介孔材料及其对环境污染物的净化应用奠定了理论和技术基础。