花斑木形成机理的研究

Spalted grain wood is a kind of by the fungus infection with white rotten, dyeing and take the natural striped wood line, in the part of wood texture with mixed and disorderly, the texture of a short black markings and small spots, form natural beautiful decorative pattern. Spalted grain wood is furniture and indoor decoration of processing fine materials, which is very popular in Europe and America. There is no this material in domestic...This project is one of the aims is introduced new concept spalted grain wood. Expectations promote the wood industry and wooden crafts processing production. Another purpose is exploration artificially induced breeding spalted grain wood, research on how to promote and effectively control spalted grain the formation of wood. For further research on wood biological processing lay the foundation...Specific content including wood and bamboo species selection, based on this the separation, purification and identify the kinds of effective fungi. Sure artificially induced breeding process condition, get to the preparation of the artificial spalted grain wood control process parameters. To explain in wood of mycelia spalted grain effective distribution, migration, accumulation pattern, spotted on the wood accumulation affected by the nature of, interpretation with the formation of the wood spotted line and the occurring mechanism.

花斑木是一种由真菌侵染而具白腐、染色和带线的自然斑纹的木材,在木质部分具有杂乱的纹理，纹理中间杂有黑色的短线和小斑点，形成自然美丽的花纹，是家具加工和室内装修中的优良材料，在欧美非常流行，国内尚无此材料。.本项目目的之一是介绍和引进花斑木新的理念，期望促进木材工业和木质工艺品加工生产；二是进行人工诱导培育花斑木的探索，研究如何促进而且有效地控制花斑木的形成，为深入研究木材生物加工奠定基础。具体研究内容包括木竹材及菌种的选择、在此基础上分离、培育和鉴定有效真菌的种类，确定人工诱导培育工艺条件、获得花斑木人工制备的各项控制工艺参数，解明花斑木中有效菌丝体的分布、迁移、积累规律，花斑积累对木材性质的影响，阐释花斑木带线的形成和发生机理。

研究调查易形成花斑木的树种，分离筛选鉴定花斑真菌，提出花斑木培育的工艺条件，测试花斑木材性变化及微观构造变化，阐释花斑形成机理，促进木材染色技术与提高木材综合利用率。.极少针叶材易形成菌纹，大部分阔叶材易形成，与其木材木质素及抽提物有关。筛选48株，鉴定为21种，均为首次报道为花斑菌，即Xylaria spp.（6种）、Daldinia childiae、Nemania diffusa、Phomopsis spp.(6种)、Stilbum sp. 、Nectria rigidiuscula，Colletotrichum gloeosporioides、Endomelanconiopsis endophytica、Beltrania sp、Diaporthe eres、Diaporthehelianthi，其中N. rigidiuscula形成表面红色，C. gloeosporioides、E. endophytica形成黑色斑点，其余由表及里产生菌纹，菌纹的粗细及染色略不同。菌纹由黑化膨大的菌丝组成连续性的、无一定走向的趋向闭合的围圈，菌丝在木材中通过穿孔板、纹孔等自然空隙蔓延，经12周的培养对细胞壁层结构的影响并不明显，质量损失、主要化学成分降解都较轻微。木材含水率影响花斑形成，最适条件随菌种有异。花斑真菌两两组合接种有利于形成更多花斑。.花斑菌种花斑的行为应为真菌本身行为，并非菌种之间或菌丝体之间、个体间不相融或对抗而形成，形成花斑应与对抗不良环境条件有关，而菌纹的形成尤其与水分条件有关。花斑真菌在不良环境条件下，形成了菌纹圈，或进一步形成繁殖结构，在环境条件适宜时又可以从菌纹圈和繁殖结构向外生长蔓延，花斑是真菌生存的策略。