一个动态交易成本分析框架的构建：基于农业组织的理论研究

The project will take the analysis of agricultural industry organizations as a cutting point to build a theoretical analysis framework of dynamic transaction costs. First, by defining the transaction costs as "costs for getting access to market and organization", and with reference to the latest research findings of the organizational ecology and evolutionary economics, it will identify important dimensions and key factors affecting organizational transaction costs and make relevant theoretical hypothesis from the perspectives of universality, significance, and capability of observation. Second, the research will use the survey data on the agricultural organizations to make empirical analysis of the theoretical hypothesis through case studies and econometric analysis. Then, on the basis of the empirical findings, it will further summarize the key factors affecting the transaction costs both inside and outside the organizations and build a theoretical analysis framework of dynamic transaction costs. Finally, with the analysis framework, the research will provide new explanations of the phenomena and theoretical issues in the process of organization development and evolution, and consequently test and examine the analysis framework's capability to explain the reality. The theoretical values of the project lie in not only its amendments of deficiencies in the theoretical hypothesis of transaction costs economics but also in its breakthrough in the limitations of Williamson's transaction costs theory which is only capable of static analysis. The project is of significant theoretical meanings and academic values to promoting the development of neo-institutional economics and theory of agricultural industry organizations.

本项目拟以农业产业组织的分析为切入点，试图构建一个动态的交易成本理论分析框架。首先，把交易成本界定为"利用市场和组织的成本"，并借鉴组织生态学、演化经济学等最新研究成果，从普遍性、重要性和可观察性视角，提出影响组织交易成本的重要维度和关键因素，以及相关的理论假设。在此基础上，利用农业组织的调研数据，运用案例分析、计量分析等方法，对理论假设作出实证分析。然后，结合实证结果，进一步抽象和凝练影响组织内外部交易成本的关键因素，进而提出一个动态的交易成本理论分析框架。最后，利用该分析框架，对组织发展演变的有关现象及理论问题作出新的解释，基此来验证和判断这个分析框架对现实的解释力。本项目的理论价值，不仅体现在对交易成本经济学几个理论假设之不足的修正，更重要的是突破了威廉姆森的交易成本理论只能进行静态分析的局限性。本项目对推动新制度经济学和农业产业组织理论的发展都将具有重大的创新价值和理论意义。