WC硬质合金与碳基薄膜的强耦合结构设计及其水润滑摩擦学机理

Mechanical seals are widely used in hydraulic drive, pump, valve and agitated reactors. However, the frictional materials are hardly to satisfy the tough and harsh seal environments, it is necessary to exploit new materials and technologies to meet the requirements. This project puts forwards to the research on the microstructure design and tribological performances of WC cemented carbide coupled with amorphous carbon-based films for the mechanical seal applications. Firstly, the multi-scale/dimensional structure design of carbon-based films will be performed. The nanocomposite microstructure, the two-dimensional characteristics of interfaces and the three-dimensional geometric features in micro-/nano-scale of carbon-based films on WC cemented carbide will be fabricated and controlled by complex physical vapor deposition technology and laser fine processing. Furthermore, the activity relationship between the different scale/dimensional structure of carbon-based films and the tribological performances in water environment will be investigated systematically. Consequently, the friction and wear mechanism of WC cemented carbide/carbon-based film system in water will be analyzed and clarified. At last, the guideline for the multi-scale/dimensional structure design of carbon-based films coupled with WC cemented carbide as the mechanical seal applications would be proposed. The applicant and the research group have accumulated rich experiences and obtained some important results in the corresponding field, and the required foundation and conditions of this project are ready.

鉴于机械密封在液压传动、泵、阀、反应釜等设备中重要应用且对高性能密封摩擦副的需求极其迫切，本项目拟深入开展机械密封用WC硬质合金耦合非晶碳基薄膜作为摩擦副材料及其水环境摩擦学行为的研究。项目将从非晶碳基薄膜的多尺度/维度结构效应设计入手，首先通过多尺度微观结构调控、组分效应协同和多界面设计并结合物理气相沉积工艺优化和激光微细加工技术在WC硬质合金表面构筑碳基薄膜材料，进而系统研究WC硬质合金耦合碳膜体系的不同尺度/维度结构效应与水环境摩擦学特性之间的构效关系，之后重点分析WC硬质合金/非晶碳基薄膜体系在水环境中的摩擦机理和损伤机制，最终建立WC硬质合金耦合先进非晶碳膜作为机械密封摩擦副实现优异密封性能的结构设计准则。申请人以拥有丰富钨资源并誉名为"世界钨都"所在地区江西省赣州市为背景，且所在团队在该领域内已积累丰富的研究经验并取得重要阶段性研究结果，具备完成此项目的基础和条件。

本项目已开展实施了WC硬质合金耦合碳基薄膜作为水环境下摩擦副材料及其水润滑性能的研究工作。主要依据多尺度/维度微结构、组分和界面效应的构筑思路，通过磁控溅射技术成功在WC硬质合金表面构筑出系列的碳基薄膜材料，进而系统地研究了WC硬质合金/碳基薄膜耦合体系的形貌、微结构特征、力学性能以及水环境下摩擦磨损行为，并分析WC硬质合金/碳基薄膜耦合体系的水润滑机理。通过本项目的实施，成功开发出了可作为机械密封等关键零部件用的高性能WC硬质合金耦合碳基薄膜体系摩擦副材料。