基于车辆电子控制单元数据信息聚合及加密技术的车辆数字身份研究

Vehicle identity is an important basis for retrofitting vehicles and their main components throughout the life cycle of vehicle including production, sales, registration, inspection, maintenance and scrapping. At present, a large number of robbery vehicles, assembling vehicles, scrapped vehicles and illegally modified vehicles are back to the market with the legal identity by forging identity information of the vehicle and parts, which brings significant losses to the people's lives and property. The main reason is that the traditional vehicle identification technology is difficult to cope with a variety of counterfeiting tampering means. It is an important issue to enhance the safety of vehicle identity in the field of vehicle safety management. This proposal establishes the vehicle digital identity coding model by cluster analysis based on the integration of the electronic control unit data in the vehicle system. It explores the encryption method suitable for the digital identity coding information of the vehicle and its main parts, and studies the vehicle digital identity applied to the identification of the main parts of vehicle and the feedback mechanism and warning on the change of vehicle main parts, in order to solve the problem of forged vehicle identity and the illegal replacement of the main parts of vehicle basically. It will lay a good foundation to achieve electronic, intelligent and networked vehicle regulatory system.

车辆身份是在车辆生产、销售、注册、检验、维修、报废整个生命周期中追溯车辆及其主要部件的重要依据，目前大量盗抢车、拼装车、报废拆解车及非法改装车通过伪造整车或零部件的身份信息，以合法身份流入市场，给人民生命财产安全带来重大损失，反映出传统车辆身份识别技术难以应对多样化的仿造篡改手段，如何提升车辆身份标识的安全性是车辆安全管理领域的重要课题。本课题基于车辆系统中电子控制单元数据聚合，通过聚类分析建立车辆数字身份编码和数据分级管理模型，探究适用于车辆及其主要部件数字身份编码信息的加密方法，研究车辆数字身份应用于车辆主要部件身份主动识别的机理及对变更车辆主要部件行为的反馈机制及预警，以期从源头防控伪造车辆合法身份、非法更换车辆主要部件等问题，为实现电子化、智能化及网联化的汽车监管体系打下良好基础。

随着汽车电子化、智能化和网联化的发展，基于车辆 VIN的传统车辆身份识别技术难以满足当前汽车关键零部件防拆解替换、软件算法防擅自升级或篡改方面的新需求，如何提升车辆在全生命周期的身份信息安全是车辆安全管理领域的重要课题。项目组基于车辆身份信息被篡改的特征分析，提出车辆数据信息集与车辆身份信息识别的关联关系；根据信息对车辆身份识别的关联性和适应性，将信息与车辆及零部件身份识别之间赋予不同优先级别，建立车辆身份信息的编码模型。从服务器端、车载终端、CAN总线和ECU系统四个方面提出基于加密算法的车辆数字身份信息验证系统的安全方案和身份验证及其反馈机制。基于软硬件在环平台模拟了车辆数字身份识别系统工作机制，验证了车辆数字身份识别系统的可行性。本项目提出的车辆数字身份方法能够从源头防控伪造车辆合法身份、非法更换车辆主要部件等问题，为电子化、智能化及网联化的汽车监管体系建设提供重要支撑。