剩余污泥中四溴双酚A衍生物的非靶向识别与生物转化

Studies showed that TBBPA and its derivatives would induce biotoxic effects including endocrine disruption and neurotoxicity, thus the potential adverse effects to the ecosystem generated by the introduction of TBBPA and its derivatives into the environment is nonnegligible. These compounds would be introduced into wastewater treatment plant through the discharge of wastewater during the production and application of flame retardants products. TBBPA and its derivatives were detected in excess sludge, and would be introduced into the natural environment eventually through the sludge landfill and composting. However, few studies were reported on TBBPA derivatives in the excess sludge, and the transformation mechanisms of TBBPA derivatives are not systematically explored. Therefore, nontarget high-resolution mass spectrometry method will be established in this project to identify unknown TBBPA derivatives in excess sludge and their structural formula will be proposed. Four TBBPA derivatives will be selected to explore the mechanisms of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms transformation. The high purity standard substances of newly identified TBBPA derivatives will be synthesized and their concentrations in the excess sludge samples will be quantified. Based on the environmental detected concentrations, the cytotoxicity of TBBPA and its derivatives based on cell models will be compared and then the environmental health effects of newly identified TBBPA derivatives will be discussed. Through the study of this project, the structural formula, distribution, transformation and cytotoxicity of both known and newly identified TBBPA derivatives in excess sludge will be further discussed, and the scientific basis will be provided for assessing their environmental and health risks.

已有研究表明，四溴双酚A（TBBPA）及其衍生物可引起内分泌干扰和神经毒性等健康效应，进入环境后引起的潜在危害不可忽视。这些化合物可通过污水排放进入污水处理厂，且普遍赋存于剩余污泥中，通过剩余污泥的填埋或堆肥过程释放到自然环境。然而，对于剩余污泥中TBBPA衍生物的结构特征尚不明确，其转化机制有待深入研究。本项目拟建立高分辨质谱的非靶向识别方法，发现剩余污泥中新型TBBPA衍生物，揭示其结构特征；以4种典型TBBPA衍生物为研究对象，研究好氧和厌氧微生物转化机制；通过合成标准品鉴定新型TBBPA衍生物的结构，并定量分析其在剩余污泥中的浓度水平；结合环境赋存浓度，比较新型TBBPA衍生物与TBBPA的细胞毒性，研究新型TBBPA衍生物的环境健康效应特征。本项目深入探讨剩余污泥中TBBPA衍生物的种类、分布、转化行为及生物毒性，为进一步评估TBBPA类溴代阻燃剂的环境与健康风险提供科学依据。

建立了高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱分析方法，以及超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱超高分辨质谱分析方法，分别应用于污水处理厂剩余污泥中TBBPA及其衍生物的分析和相关未知溴代化合物的识别，明确该类化合物的环境分布水平和特征。发现污泥样品中TBBPA比其衍生物的环境分布水平和检出率更高，且普遍存在未知含溴化合物。TBBPA可在微生物作用下发生转化。以小鼠为动物模型，在环境相关水平下开展经口暴露实验，研究TBBPA及其典型衍生物的体内生物毒性作用，结果表明TBBPA及其衍生物均可在小鼠体内引起肝脏毒性作用。相关研究结果为进一步理解TBBPA类化合物的环境行为、准确评价其环境健康风险提供重要科学依据。项目研究期间参加1次学术会议，在Environ Sci Technol期刊发表1篇论文。