液晶单元构筑窄带隙、宽吸收和高迁移率有机小分子太阳能电池给体材料的合成与性能研究

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have drawn great interest over the past decade since they possess unique advantages such as low cost, light-weight and good mechanical flexibility. Solution-processed small molecule bulk heterojunction OSCs are emerging as a competitive alterative to their polymer counterparts. Compared to polymers, small molecular semiconductors possess several intrinsic advantages of well-defined structure in nature, good synthetic reproducibility, alleviated batch-to-batch variation and easier band structure control. Currently, due to the shorter conjugated chain length of small molecules than polymers, enhancing and extending the absorption of small molecular materials is a challenge for extending the absorption down to NIR and IR spectral district. On the other hand, the mobilitiesy of molecules should be further improved, since they are directly related to the power conversion efficiencies of the devices. In this this paper, we synthesized a series of linear and star -structure shaped of liquid crystalline small organic molecules as solar cell donor materials, which have a narrow band gaps, wide absorption, high molar absorption coefficients and the high mobilitiesy. Investigated the properties of theTheir photochemical, electrochemical and liquid crystalline properties were also investigated. By changing the molecular structure of the linear and star-shaped molecules to, adjust to the band gap, energy level, mobility and the device performance can be controlled. Study and the overall relationship between the polymer structure and properties will be elucidated. Finally, a series of narrow band gap, high-performance of small-molecule photovoltaic cell materials was can be obtained. Study theThe solution-processed of small molecule bulk heterojunction solar cells will be fabricated and tested. Efforts to make a creative work whichwill be made on the design and synthesis of high mobility , narrow band gap and high-performance organic small molecules solar cells materials possessing high mobility, narrow band gap and high-performance.

近年来，有机太阳能电池因其廉价、质量轻、制备工艺简单、易于实现大面积器件及柔性等优点，一直吸引科学家们广泛的研究兴趣。可溶性有机小分子相对于聚合物而言，由于具有明确的分子结构，固定的分子量，较高纯度和较好的重复性等优点而倍受关注。目前，有机小分子存在的主要问题是光谱不匹配和材料的载流子迁移率有待进一步改善，它直接关系到电池的转换效率。本项目拟引入液晶单元来构筑一系列窄带隙，宽吸收，高摩尔吸收系数和高迁移率的线性和星状结构的有机小分子太阳能电池给体材料，研究其光谱特性，电化学性能和液晶性的影响因素；通过改变分子结构的共轭性，构筑新型D-A单元的线性和星状分子等方法来实现对给体材料带隙、能级、迁移率以及器件性能的调节；制备出一系列窄带隙，高性能的小分子光伏电池材料，并研究其溶液法加工的电池器件；争取在设计合成可溶液加工、高迁移率和窄带隙的高性能液晶性小分子太阳能电池材料方面做出有创新性的工作.

近年来有机太阳能电池因其廉价、质量轻、制备工艺简单、易于实现大面积器件及柔性等优点，一直吸引科学家们广泛的研究兴趣。可溶性有机小分子相对于聚合物而言，由于具有明确的分子结构，固定的分子量，较高纯度和较好的重复性等优点而倍受国际范围内的关注。目前，有机小分子存在的主要问题是光谱不匹配和材料的载流子迁移率有待进一步改善，它直接关系到电池的转换效率。本项目设计引入液晶单元来构筑一系列窄带隙，宽吸收，高摩尔吸收系数和高迁移率的线性和星状结构的有机小分子太阳能电池给体材料，进一步深入研究了这些材料的光谱特性，电化学性能和液晶性的影响因素；通过改变这些分子结构的共轭性，构筑新型D-A单元的线性和星状分子等方法来实现对给体材料带隙、能级、迁移率以及器件性能的有效调节；获得了出一系列窄带隙，高性能的小分子光伏电池材料，并研究其溶液法加工的电池器件以及器件界面的优化；获得了理想的结果，在设计合成可溶液加工、高迁移率和窄带隙的高性能液晶性小分子太阳能电池材料方面做出了有创新性的工作. 我们按合同计划认真开展了研究工作，取得了预期的成果，并积极参加学术交流，及时在国际和国内学术会议向同行专家做口头报告和交流我们的研究成果;前期研究结果分别已经在Chem. Sci., J. Mater. Chem.A, J. Mater. C, Organic Electronics, Molecule，AIP Advances, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Mater. Chem. Front., J. Organometal. Chem. 等国际期刊上发表11篇研究论文，另有6篇文章待投稿发表,发表会议论文4篇，申请专利1项。已经培养6名硕士研究生毕业，另有4名硕士和2名博士在读。达到了预期目标。