超/特高压磁控式并联电抗器保护新原理及其关键问题研究

Due to the advantage of continuously regulated capacity, magnetically controlled shunt reactor (MCSR) is one of the key elements used in EHV/UHV transmission systems for reactive power compensation and overvoltage suppression. Thus, the high performance of MCSR’s protection system is required as the guarantee of safe and reliable operation of EHV/UHV transmission systems. According to the shortcoming of protection system found in the design and debug process of 750kV MCSR demonstration project in China, as well as the first of its type applied in the world, this research focuses on the following three key issues: 1) In view of the complexity of fault characteristics of MCSR and its difficulty to be simulated precisely, an accurate MCSR simulation model for fault analysis will be built, and new protection schemes will be studied. 2) To solve the problem of mal-operation of the MCSR’s protection system during its transient of capacity regulation, this project is going to reveal the transient characteristics and try to develop the approach to prevent mal-operation of the protection system during such process. 3) To solve the problem of mal-operation of the MCSR’s protection system during energization transient, transient characteristics under different energization modes will be revealed and transient identification method and blocking scheme for MCSR’s protection system will be developed. The study of this project will greatly improve the performance of MCSR’s protection system, and provide significant guidance for the study of other types of controllable shunt reactors.

磁控式并联电抗器（MCSR）可实现容量大范围平滑调节，是解决超/特高压交流输电线路无功补偿和限制过电压矛盾的有效措施，性能优越的本体保护是确保其安全可靠运行的关键。本项目结合我国亦是世界首台750kV MCSR的本体保护在研制和示范工程调试中遇到的难题，重点开展如下研究：1）针对MCSR本体故障特征复杂且无法准确模拟的难题，构建精确的MCSR故障仿真模型，揭示其本体故障特性，研究适用于MCSR的本体保护新原理；2）针对MCSR容量大范围调节可能引起的本体保护误动，揭示其暂态特性与机理，研究MCSR容量调节过程中的保护防误动方法；3）针对MCSR不同合闸方式可能引起的本体保护误动，揭示其暂态特性与机理，研究不同合闸方式下的暂态识别方法及保护闭锁措施。通过本项目的研究，将大幅提升我国超/特高压MCSR本体保护性能，同时亦对其他类型可控高抗本体保护的研究具有重要参考价值。

磁控式并联电抗器（magnetically controlled shunt reactor, MCSR）可实现容量大范围平滑调节，是解决超/特高压交流输电线路无功补偿和限制过电压矛盾的有效措施，性能优越的本体保护是确保其安全可靠运行的关键。本项目以磁控式并联电抗器故障特性分析为基础，探索适用于MCSR的本体保护新原理，重点研究MCSR不同合闸方式与容量大范围调节过程的暂态特性及其对本体保护的影响，并提出了相应的解决方案，主要研究结论为： .（1）针对MCSR匝间故障识别难度大、保护灵敏度低且易受合闸及区外故障等暂态过程影响、无法识别故障绕组的问题，本项目通过推导得到等效漏电感参数辨识模型及励磁电感参数计算模型，利用等效漏电感及等效励磁电感参数在匝间故障时故障相与非故障相的差异特征，分别构建了基于等效漏电感三相差异度及等效励磁电感的匝间保护新方案；.（2）研究了MCSR直接合闸及预励磁合闸方式下各主要电气量的暂态特性及对保护的影响，针对合闸造成基于总控电流基频分量的匝间保护误动的问题，提出了基于控制绕组电流波形自相关和分相控制绕组电流基频分量与总控电流基频分量比值的合闸防误动策略；.（3）借助磁饱和度概念对MCSR容量调节暂态过程特性展开了分析，根据MCSR调容过程中三相控制绕组电流基波分量平均值近似相等的特点，构造了容量调节过程识别判据，有效解决了MCSR容量调节过程中匝间保护误动的问题；.（4）联合北京四方股份有限公司，制作了磁控式并联电抗器保护样机，并建立了基于RTDS及保护样机的硬件在环测试平台，对样机进行了试验测试，测试结果显示所提保护方案能正确识别内部故障；.（5）在国内外权威期刊与学术会议发表学术论文 20篇，其中 SCI 收录文章 7 篇，EI 收录文章 11 篇；获中国电力科学技术进步二等奖一项，中国电工技术科技进步三等奖一项。