基于南美洲高重复率SLR的卫星测姿研究

Observations of Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) with a high precision are very important for astrometry, astro-geodynamics,geodesy, geophysics, etc., and also for studies of space science. The SLR station developed by the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC) and the National University of San Juan of Argentina (NUSJ) started to observe in the beginning of 2006, and obtain excellent observation results. At present, we are upgrading the SLR system on daytime tracking and kHz laser. The frequency of SLR observation will increased by 2-3 orders of magnitude after the system upgrade,the system reliability, ranging accuracy will also been significantly improved, the satellite attitude and more information can be observed. Therefore the further studies are needed. Based on the kHz laser upgrade, the present project take full advantage of favorable domestic and international conditions to carry out joint observations of kHz laser ranging, the kHz laser ranging data analysis and the studies of satellite attitude measurement, to investigate the new methods of satellite attitude measurement by kHz SLR, the result can be used for satellite attitude control, precision orbit determination, the inversion of satellite external perturbation, and geodynamic parameters calculations, etc. The present project will expand the field of non-spaceborne satellite attitude determination technology of China, as well as make better developments of the cooperation between China, Argentina and South America and make further progress.

高精度SLR观测对开展天文学、天文地球动力学、测地学、地球物理学及空间科学等相关学科的研究都具有重要的价值。国家天文台与阿根廷国立圣胡安大学在阿合作建立的SLR站自06年初工作以来，取得了优秀结果。目前升级该SLR系统的工作在进行中，使其实现kHz 高重复率激光测距，增加白天观测功能。升级后，系统的采样频率提高2-3个数量级，系统可靠性、测距精度也有了显著提高，可以观测到卫星姿态等更多信息，因而需要对之进行深入研究。本项目以课题组kHz激光器升级工作为基础，充分利用国内外有利条件进行kHz激光测距的联合观测，开展目前国际上较为前沿的kHz激光测距数据的分析及卫星测姿等研究。探讨高重复率SLR卫星测姿的新方法，为卫星姿态控制、精密定轨、反演卫星外部摄动力以及地球动力学参数解算等提供研究结果，拓展我国非星载卫星姿态测定技术的研究领域，使中阿及南美合作更好地发展和取得更好的成绩。

高精度SLR 观测对开展天文学、天文地球动力学、测地学、地球物理学及空间科学等相关学科的研究都具有重要的价值。国家天文台与阿根廷国立圣胡安大学在阿合作建立的SLR站自06年初工作以来，取得了优秀结果。目前升级该SLR系统的工作在进行中，使其实现kHz高重复率激光测距，增加白天观测功能。本项目以课题组kHz激光器升级工作为基础，充分利用国内外有利条件进行kHz激光测距观测，开展目前国际上较为前沿的kHz激光测距数据的分析及卫星测姿等研究。以Ajisai卫星为研究对象，对卫星角反射器分布建模、Ajisai的轨道预报仿真、kHz-SLR观测仿真、实测数据分析与模拟等进行了研究工作。通过理论模拟计算与实测对比研究，实现了基于Ajisai卫星模型的kHz卫星观测的轨道及姿态的重建。该研究拓展了我国非星载卫星姿态测定技术的研究领域，可以应用与将来升级为kHz-SLR的阿根廷激光观测站观测数据的研究，使中阿及南美合作更好地发展和取得更好的成绩。