多孔生物吸附剂制备及吸附海洋蛋白酶解液中重金属离子研究

There are potential contamination of heavy metals in aquatic byproducts because of ocean pollution and natural factors, which directly affects the utilization of protein hydrolyzates derived from the byproducts of aquatic products processing. In this project, a novel porous chelating bioadsorbent for the remove of Pb(II) from the marine protein hydrolyzate solution will be prepared from lignocellulose. Enzymatic hydrolysis is used to create considerable pores within the material. The enzymatical hydrolysis lignocellulose will be chemically modified with succinic anhydride to introduce carboxylic function groups to obtain the porous succinoylated bioadsorbent. The microstructure of the lignocellulose and the interaction between the bioadsorbent and heavy metal ions will be revealed by studying functional groups and porous structure. The adsorption behaviors of Pb(II) on the bioabsorbents will be investigated under different experimental conditions. Thermodynamic and kinetics as well as isoterm parameters will be determined. The mechanism of adsorption will be clarified. The project will provide important technical supports for the adsorption of heavy metal ions from solution in the presence of high concentration of amino acids and salts with high efficiency. The project has important theoretical significances and practical prospects.

由于海洋污染及天然来源等因素，海洋水产品加工副产物中存在重金属残留，制约了加工副产物酶解液的利用。本项目采用酶解法构建木质纤维素多孔结构，结合化学修饰引入羧基等活性基团，制备一种新型多孔生物吸附剂，用于海洋蛋白酶解液中重金属离子的吸附脱除。研究将揭示木质纤维素微结构及其吸附性能之间的关系；明确海洋蛋白酶解液中氨基酸及盐分等对多孔木质纤维素吸附行为的影响，建立吸附动力学及热力学模型，阐明吸附机理。项目的开展可望得到适用于含高浓度盐分及氨基酸溶液体系中重金属离子吸附脱除的新方法，研究结果具有重要的学术价值与良好的应用前景。

吸附法是去除溶液中残留重金属离子的有效方法，吸附剂的微结构及表面活性基团直接影响其吸附性能。本项目从吸附剂的表面设计与功能构建出发，围绕吸附剂的微结构调控、表面活性吸附基团的修饰等关键问题，开展了系统的研究。项目制备了一系列多孔吸附剂，研究了pH值、吸附剂用量、吸附温度、重金属离子浓度和吸附时间等参数对吸附过程的影响，评估了吸附剂的循环利用性能。项目重点研究了吸附剂微结构与吸附性能之间的关系；阐明了吸附溶液中重金属离子过程的动力学特征，建立了吸附热力学模型，明确了吸附机理；研究结果可以为溶液中重金属离子的吸附脱除提供技术支持。研究成果发表在ACS Appl. Mater. Inter.、ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng.、Appl. Surf. Sci.、Int. J. Biol. Macromol.和Langmuir等学术期刊上，共计SCI论文18篇。在项目的资助下，共培养硕士研究生8名，授权发明专利9项，申请发明专利10项，获省部级科研奖励4项。