集成电机推进器径向推力水润滑轴承耦合特性及润滑机理研究

As a new type of power propulsion device, the integrated motor propeller (IMP) has been extensively researched in the field of underwater vehicles because of the numerous advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, low vibration noise, good cooling conditions and so on. The reliability and the lifetime of the radial bearing (support the rotor operation) and the thrust bearing (transfer power) working at the same time limit the improvement of the IMP power density. In the work, based on the theory of multi-body dynamics and fluid mechanics, the modeling method of cooperative lubrication for the radial bearing and the thrust bearing of IMP is developed. With the model, the coupling mechanical properties and the flow state of the medium under the action of the radial bearing and the thrust bearing are explored. And the influence rule of the lubricating characteristics between the radial bearing and the thrust bearing under different load and speed is revealed. Based on the rule, the method of numerical analysis of the collaborative lubrication for the radial bearing and the thrust bearing lubricated by water is developed. The lubrication mechanism of the radial bearing and the thrust bearing in IMP is studied by the experiments and the numerical analyses. Then, the statics and kinetic characteristic parameters of the bearings are obtained. Finally, the structure design method of the radial bearing and the thrust bearing for IMP is formed, which provides a theory and application base to improve the reliability and vibration characteristics for IMP.

集成电机推进器（IMP）作为一种新型动力推进装置，具有结构紧凑、效率高、振动噪声低、冷却条件好等优点，目前在水下航行器领域中成为引人瞩目的研究热点。作为支撑转子运转的径向水润滑轴承和传递动力的轴向推力轴承协同作用下的性能可靠性和寿命制约了IMP功率密度的提高。本课题通过引入多体动力学和流体力学理论，提出IMP径向-推力轴承协同润滑模型的建模方法；探索径向-推力轴承协同作用下的耦合力学特性和介质流动状态，揭示在不同负载和转速下径向-推力轴承润滑特性参数之间的影响规律，形成径向-推力水润滑轴承协同润滑数值仿真分析方法；通过试验和数值仿真相结合的方法研究IMP径向-推力水润滑轴承耦合润滑机理，分析水润滑轴承的静力学和动力学特性参数，形成IMP径向-推力水润滑轴承结构设计方法，为提升我国IMP运行可靠性和振动噪声特性提供理论和应用基础。

集成电机推进器（IMP）作为一种新型动力推进装置，具有结构紧凑、效率高、振动噪声低、冷却条件好等优点，已经成为水下航行器动力推进电机的发展趋势，其中，IPM径向和推力水润滑轴承技术是关键。本项目研究是基于水下航行器IMP径向轴承和推力轴承协同作用下的耦合润滑特性关系，建立IMP径向轴承和推力轴承结构设计方法和试验测试方法，最终通过验证设计方法的真确性和合理性。其成果主要包括：（1）建立了IPM径向、推力水润滑轴承动压润滑和振动特性数学模型；（2）揭示了IPM径向、推力水润滑轴承耦合作用下的不同结构参数下的动压润滑机理；（3）形成了IPM径向、推力水润滑轴承部分结构参数设计参考图表；（4）开发了IPM径向、推力水润滑轴承动压水膜厚度、水膜压强分布测试方法，完善了课题组径向推力水润滑轴承试验平台；（5）通过制备某型号IPM径向、推力水润滑轴承样机并对其进行试验测试，验证了理论设计方法的正确性。以上成果为提升我国集成电机推进器水润滑轴承性能可靠性和一致性提供了理论基础和技术支撑。