基于全二维气相色谱-质谱的垃圾焚烧产生新型溴氯代有机污染物的非靶向分析方法研究

Waste incinerators are major source of many types of persistent organic pollutants. Although dioxin has been widely studied, there are a large number of unknown and emerging brominated/chlorinated organic pollutants which are released from waste incineration process. Analyzing these pollutants is of great significance for evaluating their environmental and health risks. However, due to the analytical methods limitations, analyzing the types and concentrations of various emerging brominated/chlorinated pollutants produced by waste incineration is extremely challenging. In this study, nontargeted analysis method for unknown and emerging brominated/chlorinated pollutants will be developed using two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) with high resolution time-of-flight and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. GC×GC parameters including selection of first and second columns, temperature programs and modulation period etc will be optimized, to achieve the separation between different organic pollutants at the same time. Combined with accurate mass and mass defect technology, the molecular formula of unknown pollutants will be identified. On this basis, mixed polybrominated/chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and mixed polybrominated/chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons will be quantified, and their emissions from waste incineration process are therefore clarified. The results of this study will be very useful for pollutants source identification and will provide a scientific basis for pollution control in waste incineration process.

垃圾焚烧是多种持久性有机污染物的主要来源，除了已广泛研究的二恶英类，垃圾焚烧过程还可能产生大量未知的新型溴氯代有机污染物，这些污染物的全面解析对于评估其环境和健康风险具有重要意义。然而目前由于分析方法的限制，垃圾焚烧产生的多种新型溴氯代污染物的种类和污染状况的解析极具挑战。本项目拟利用全二维气相色谱-高分辨飞行时间质谱和全二维气相色谱-三重四级杆质谱，建立垃圾焚烧产生的新型溴氯代有机污染物的非靶向分析方法。通过优化色谱柱的选择和组合、升温程序、调制器等条件，实现多种有机污染物的同时分离分析，结合高分辨质谱的精确质量数和质量亏损技术准确解析和识别未知的新型溴氯代有机污染物。在此基础上，对鉴定的部分新型目标化合物如溴氯混合代二恶英、溴氯混合代多环芳烃等建立定量分析方法，以此阐明垃圾焚烧过程中溴氯代有机污染物的浓度水平及污染特征，为新型污染物的源识别以及焚烧过程的污染控制提供科学依据。

垃圾焚烧和再生金属冶炼等工业热过程是多种持久性有机污染物的主要来源，可能产生大量未知的新型溴氯代有机污染物，这些污染物的全面解析对于评估其环境和健康风险具有重要意义。本项目按计划开展了多种热工业过程中新型溴氯代有机污染物的非靶向分析研究，选取了垃圾焚烧与再生金属冶炼热工业过程，利用全二维气相色谱-高分辨飞行时间质谱和全二维气相色谱三重四级杆质谱，建立了新型溴氯代有机污染物的非靶向分析方法。优化了全二维色谱条件和离子源及电离方式等质谱条件，实现了多种氯溴代和烷烃类有机污染物有效色谱分离，筛查识别出溴氯代芳烃类、氯化石蜡族类等溴氯代脂肪烃类污染物；建立了二噁英的三重四级杆气相色谱定量分析方法，阐明了垃圾焚烧与再生金属冶炼热飞灰中溴氯代有机污染物的浓度水平及污染特征，为新型污染物的源识别以及热过程的污染控制提供了数据和技术支撑。