迁徙民族容貌变迁与地理环境因素相关性研究

Human Facial features are determined by both genetic and environmental factors. This is reflected as ethnic and geographical facial features. Ethnic facial features are completely controlled by heredity, while geographical facial features by the adaptations of the geographical environment of the residence. This project aims to choose Xibo nationality with a clear migration history as research subjects to exclude the influence of genetic factors. With computer-aided three-dimensional measurement technology, the research will improve the accuracy and the breadth of facial measurement. The study will establish a three-dimensional facial feature database of soft tissue and bone tissue, cataloged both geographically and with environmental factors. Using data mining techniques will help realize the relationship between changes in facial features and geographical and environmental factors. The establishment of Xibo nationality adult facial features data sets in domestic different areas has the vital significance on the study of the variation of physical characteristics and regularity of growth and development. Through the research of different geographic and environmental factors on the appearance, we can further optimize environmental factors and improve the national health level, strengthen the study of ethnic minorities,and contribute to promote the harmonious development of pluralistic integration of Chinese culture.The results of this project has a wealth of scientific value and far-reaching social impact.

容貌特征是由基因遗传和环境影响两方面决定的，包含人种容貌特征和地域容貌特征。人种容貌特征完全由遗传控制，地域容貌特征则是对居住地地理环境的适应。本项目选择具有明确迁徙历史记录的锡伯族为研究对象，Y-DNA技术排除遗传因素的影响；采用计算机辅助三维测量技术提高容貌测量的精度和广度；采用编程技术建立三维容貌数据库、地理环境因素数据库；采用数据挖掘技术，明确容貌变迁与地理环境因素之间的关系。以此建立南迁、西迁、原住锡伯族成人与三地汉族人的容貌特征数据集，明晰经度、纬度和气候等地理环境因素对体质特征变化规律曲线，从而可以通过进一步优化环境因素，提高民族健康水平，促进中华民族多元一体文化的和谐发展。本项目的研究结果将从地理学和人类学产生科学和社会价值。

容貌特征是由基因遗传和环境影响两方面决定的，包含人种容貌特征和地域容貌特征。人种容貌特征完全由遗传控制，地域容貌特征则是对居住地地理环境的适应。本项目对迁徙辽宁省沈阳市和新疆维吾尔自治区察布查尔锡伯自治县两地的锡伯族体检者的血糖(GLU)、血脂、体质量指数等检测结果进行分析，了解两地锡伯族人群血液学检测结果的差异，为该少数民族人群的医疗保健工作提供依据，为后期研究两地容貌差异提供参考数据。同时测量伊宁和沈阳两地锡伯族志愿者面部颧颊部的软组织和骨组织，确定锡伯族特征性测量位点，对比两地锡伯族面部容貌特征，男性颧颊部骨组织与软组织的测量数据大于女性；两地锡伯族DBE的软组织与骨组织测量均存在显著的差异；ABC弧可作为锡伯族民族测量的标志特征之一，DBE弧数据可作为迁徙前后两地锡伯族容貌的改变。为人类学、法医学及临床医学提供参考和社会价值。