定子单向磁通6/3开关磁阻电机及其控制技术的研究

To play the advantages of few-phase switched reluctance motor such as simple structure, simple control, good reliability, and further reduce the motor loss,improve the motor efficiency, reduce the torque ripple of motor system, the project proposes a novel high efficient 6/3 two-phase switched reluctance motor and its control system. Each phase winding mixed Combined excitation of motor have with three unequal width of teeth. The motor rotor has three variable reluctance teeth. This kind of motor stator flux can be realized with undirection flux operation. The special structure can reduce the stator loss, improve the efficiency of the motor and effectively reduce the torque ripple. It also successfully solves the problems about the magnetic balance for odd tooth and self-startup for motor. The project reveals the structure characteristics and working principle of this kind of motor. In order to improve the precision of current control, smooth and suppress the torque ripple, improve the efficiency of the system, the project research about nonlinear model, a novel power inverter topology circuit, suppress the torque ripple control strategy. Finally, the theoretical system of the novel two-phase switched reluctance motor analysis, design and its control method will be obtained. Once the research of the project gets successful, it will expand the structural system of the two-phase switched reluctance motor and improve the basic theory of few-phase switched reluctance motor. The project is great significance for the enhancement of switch reluctance motor in industry, national defense and civil field pplication value.

为发挥少相开关磁阻电机结构简单、控制简易、可靠性好的优势，进一步降低该种电机损耗、提高电机效率、减小电机系统转矩脉动，项目提出一种新型高效6/3两相开关磁阻电机及其控制系统。电机每相具有三个非等宽齿的混联励磁绕组，转子为变磁阻三齿结构。该种电机可实现定子磁通单向无逆向运行，降低了定子损耗，提高了电机效率；且能有效降低转矩波动、成功解决奇数齿的磁平衡和自启动问题。项目通过揭示该种电机的结构特性和工作机理，并有针对性地对非线性模型、新型功率逆变拓扑电路、抑制转矩波动控制策略等方面进行研究，以改善电流控制精度、平滑和抑制转矩波动、提高系统效率。最终得到该新型电机解析、设计及其控制方法的理论体系。该项目的顺利完成，能拓展两相开关磁阻电机的结构体系，完善少相开关磁阻电机的基础理论，对增强开关磁阻电机在工业、国防及民用等领域的应用价值有着重大意义。

两相开关磁阻电机是一种相数最少、结构最简单、成本最低廉的开关磁阻电机。但两相开关磁阻电机存在着转矩脉动大、无法自起动的缺点，课题针对两相开关磁阻电机的缺点，进一步减少两相开关磁阻电机的铁芯损耗，提出一种定子单向磁通两相开关磁阻电机，对电机本体结构、电机铁损和控制技术展开深入研究。. 通过两相6/3开关磁阻电机结构演化过程，研究该种结构开关磁阻电机工作机理，分析定子铁芯单向磁通磁路特点。结合传统两相开关磁阻电机设计理念，得出该种电机设计方法。. 以减小转矩脉动为目的，针对转子变气隙弧面的两个极弧系数、气隙宽度、轭厚等转子结构参数进行优化。研究定子串并联绕组结构形式对电机磁路的影响，通过有限元法优化定子主、次绕组参数。采用双频法和椭圆法结合的损耗计算法，推导一种适用于定子单向磁通两相开关磁阻电机损耗计算的数学模型。验证定子单向磁通开关磁阻电机减少损耗方面的可行性。. 针对两相开关磁阻电机去磁和励磁时间过长的问题，采用无源升压电路增强电路的励磁和去磁能力，减少励磁和去磁时间。对无源升压电路的开关磁阻电机控制系统进行建模仿真分析。研究转矩分配函数控制策略，进一步抑制两相开关磁阻电机的转矩脉动。. 针对两相6/3开关磁阻电机电感特性曲线在一个电感周期内没有对称性的问题，研究一种分域正交基傅里叶级数非线性建模方法，建立电机磁链和转矩的非线性模型。针对分域正交基傅里叶级数建模过程复杂的问题，课题研究一种基于网格法参数寻优的最小二乘支持向量机全域非线性建模方法，该方法通过对整个电感周期的样本训练数据不断进行机器学习获取最佳模型的参数并完成非线性建模，不需要对电感上升和下降区间分别建模。. 研制定子无逆向磁通6/3两相开关磁阻电机样机及其控制器，探讨该种开关磁阻电机电磁参数测试方法，搭建两相开关磁阻电机测试平台，进行系统测试，包括电机静态参数测试、电机动态实验及电机负载等实验。