低碳经济背景下闭环供应链定价决策与协调机制研究

Enterprises are forced to seek a new management model that closed-loop supply chain management considered carbon emission factor under scarce resources, pollution climate and the unveiled government relevant policies. At the background of low-carbon economic, this project focuses on the pricing strategy and coordination mechanism in remanufacturing closed-loop supply chains. Firstly, the government give the enterprises some carbon emission allowance in the closed-loop supply chain，and which can purchase and sell in the carbon market. In this assumption the project studies the pricing decision and coordination mechanism of closed-loop supply chain under three recycling model considering the carbon trading price. Secondly, the centralized and decentralized decision model are established respectively from the perspective of of closed-loop supply chain, the project discusses the product cabon footprint and pricing decision, as well as the coordination mechanism of closed - loop supply chain under carbon labelling system. Thirdly, the impact of carbon tax on the recovery rate of waste products, the strategy and profit of each member in closed-loop supply chain are investigated, and also the coordination mechanism of closed-loop supply chain is designed under the carbon tax policy. Finally, the results of theoretical studies used in empirical analysis, it has important theoretical and practical significance to the closed-loop supply chain management at the background of low-carbon economic and the formulation of the government's macro-control policies.

资源的匮乏、气候环境的污染以及政府相应政策的相继出台，迫使企业追求一种新的管理模式-考虑碳排放因素的闭环供应链管理。本项目在低碳经济背景下，研究再制造闭环供应链定价决策与协调机制问题。首先，政府分给闭环供应链中的企业一定的碳权指标，企业可以在碳市场中买卖碳权，建立考虑碳权交易价格的闭环供应链模型，研究三种回收模式下闭环供应链的定价决策及协调机制。其次，从闭环供应链视角出发，分别建立闭环供应链的集中式和分散式决策模型，研究碳标签制度下产品的碳足迹、定价决策及闭环供应链的协调机制。再次，在碳税政策下，探讨碳税对闭环供应链的废旧产品回收率、各成员的决策及利润的影响，进一步设计闭环供应链的协调机制。最后，将理论研究成果应用于实证分析，研究结果对低碳经济背景下闭环供应链管理及政府宏观调控政策的制订等问题具有重要的理论和现实意义。

当今世界，资源与环境问题是人类面临的共同挑战，世界各国都在积极追求人类与自然的和谐发展，低碳闭环供应链管理是实现资源循环利用，环境友好可持续发展的有效途径。本项目在低碳经济背景下，首先，构建了碳权交易下考虑零售商再制造的专利授权策略以及市场中消费者的低碳偏好的闭环供应链模型，得到了制造商的最佳回收及专利授权策略，为现实中制造商回收渠道选择及专利策略制定提供了决策依据；接着，指出了低碳闭环供应链中零售商的“搭便车”行为，说明了零售商持股制造商减排投资战略的有效性，为低碳经济背景下闭环供应链协调提供了可行方案；其次，构建了政府补贴制造商碳减排投资下的闭环供应链决策模型，分析了外部政府补贴政策和内部合作股权战略对闭环供应链均衡决策的影响，完善了低碳闭环供应链的决策及协调理论；再次，构建了行为闭环供应链的决策模型，分析了公平关切行为对闭环供应链定价决策及广告策略的影响，克服了闭环供应链研究中大多为理性“经济人”假设的局限性；进一步，构建了考虑企业社会责任的闭环供应链模型，分析了企业社会责任行为对闭环供应链销售努力、回收及定价决策的影响，并提出了相应的协调策略，丰富了闭环供应链管理的研究内容；最后，通过实证研究，验证了项目主要理论研究成果的科学性及合理性，研究成果为我国低碳经济背景下闭环供应链的管理及相关政府部门的宏观调控提供了科学的决策依据。