草地螟迁飞后的生殖能力及相关生理调控机制研究

The reproductive ability after migration is the bottleneck for adaptability or outbreaks in the migratory populations, and also a controversial hot issues currently. Based on the existing results that migration reduce the PFO and promote reproductive synchrony in indoor beet webworm population, by combination of indoor and outdoor method this study will continue to research the reproductive capacity after migration, such as preoviposition, fecundity and the PFO, and its physiological mechanism underlying. Based on the clarification of the effect of migration on the reproduction in beet webworm, this project will also clarify the variation of structure, ATP/ADP ratio, content of protein and triglyceride phosphate both in flight muscle and ovaries, food intake and the relationship between the variation pattern and the variation of reproduction after migration. Finally, reveal the physiological regulation model of the effect of migration on reproductive capacity by clarifying the type of juvenile hormone (JH) in adult beet webworm and the variation pattern of JH titer. The completion of the project is not only to improve the theory of migration promoting the reproductive synchrony in beet webworm on the basis of the revealing of the variation and physiological regulation of reproductive capacity after migration, and to provide a more scientific basis for improving the forecasting technology in this population, but aslo to perfect the reproductive evaluation system by giving a new theory in migratory insects.

昆虫迁飞后生殖能力是迁飞种群适应环境或暴发成灾的瓶颈，也是目前国际上争议较多的热点问题，本研究拟以现有室内草地螟种群中发现的迁飞降低PFO而促进生殖同步性的研究结果为基础，采用室内外研究相结合的方法，继续对草地螟种群迁飞后的生殖能力，如产卵前期、产卵量和PFO及其生理调控基础等开展研究。项目将在阐明迁飞对生殖特征的影响基础上，研究迁飞后成虫的飞行肌和卵巢的结构特征、ATP/ADP比值、蛋白及三磷酸甘油酯含量的变化规律以及取食量的变化，并阐明这些变化规律与生殖特征变化的关系。最后，通过对成虫保幼激素（JH）种类的确定和迁飞后JH滴度变化规律的研究，揭示迁飞影响草地螟生殖能力的生理基础及调控模式。项目的完成不仅可以揭示草地螟迁飞后生殖能力的变化规律及其生理基础和调控模式，完善迁飞促进生殖同步性的理论，为改善草地螟的测报技术提供更多的科学依据，而且将完善迁飞对昆虫生殖影响的评价体系。

生殖能力的变化是迁飞后种群是否暴发成灾的关键，因此，本研究旨在揭示迁飞行为、生殖能力与种群暴发三者的相互关系。利用室内外研究相结合的方法明确了迁飞行为是草地螟种群暴发致灾的重要原因,其中迁飞促进成虫生殖起始（PFO）和历期的同步是主要途径。在此基础上揭示了迁飞促进成虫生殖同步的主要生理机制，主要包括卵巢发育加速，取食量增加和呼吸速率的瞬时加速，其中保幼激素的正向调控起着重要作用。通过以上研究内容的开展，明确了草地螟迁飞致灾及其生理调控基础，完善了昆虫学科中对迁飞行为的理论评价体系，并为草地螟测报技术的提高提供了新的科学依据。通过项目的实施发表论文12篇，其中SCI论文4篇；申请专利4项，其中获得授权专利2项；培养硕士和博士研究生5人，以上所获各项成果均超过了项目预期指标数量。