基于组件重要度的系统可靠性优化方法研究

System reliability optimization theory is the key supporting theory and method for the reliability improvement of international and national major engineering systems. Improving efficiency and reducing cost of system reliability optimization are always the concern points of international reliability engineering application. They are also the research focus of international reliability theory research. The acting mechanism of component importance measures on system reliability optimization and the influence rules of component importance measures on system reliability optimization efficiency are basic scientific problems for improving optimization efficiency and reducing optimization cost..This project will research the acting mechanism of component importance measures on system reliability optimization first. It not only quantitatively describes the mathematical relationship between component importance and system reliability optimization models, but also discloses the excitation mechanism of component importance on the efficiency of system reliability optimization model. Then, the matching methods of importance measures with system reliability optimization models will explain the influence rules of different component importance measures on on system reliability optimization efficiency. It solves the evaluation and selection problems of component importance measures for system reliability optimization models. Finally, the accurate and approximate algorithms of system reliability optimization models based on component importance provide a new way for improving system reliability optimization efficiency. They also have outstanding practical meaning for reducing reliability optimization cost of complex systems.

系统可靠性优化理论是国内外重大工程可靠性改进和提升的重要支撑理论和方法。提高系统可靠性优化效率、降低可靠性优化成本一直是国际可靠性工程关注的焦点，也是国际可靠性理论研究的热点之一。探索重要度理论驱动系统可靠性优化的作用机理、研究基于重要度理论对系统可靠性优化模型求解效率影响规律是提高系统可靠性优化效率、降低优化成本的基础性科学问题。.本项目研究的组件重要度对系统可靠性优化作用机理，不仅定量化描述了组件重要度与系统可靠性优化模型的数学关系，而且揭示了组件重要度对系统可靠性优化模型求解效率的激励机制；重要度计算方法与系统可靠性优化模型匹配方法诠释了多种组件重要度计算方法对系统可靠性优化效率的影响规律，解决了面向系统可靠性优化模型的组件重要度计算方法选择优化难题；基于组件重要度的系统可靠性优化模型求解算法为提高系统可靠性优化效率探索了新的途径，对于降低复杂系统可靠性优化成本具有重要的现实意义。

项目按照计划书的要求，已经达到了预期的目标和指标。项目的主要创新点包括：第一，在对重要度理论深入研究的基础上，重点研究了Birnbaum重要度、可重构系统重要度对系统可靠性优化驱动机理，提出了一种重要度驱动的系统可靠性优化研究框架；第二，针对考虑退化过程、维护过程的系统可靠性优化设计问题和维修问题，提出了系列基于Birnbaum重要度和可重构系统重要度的系统可靠性优化模型求解新算法，分析了重要度计算模型与系统可靠性优化模型的匹配关系对系统可靠性优化模型求解效率、优化成本等影响规律；第三，针对ROP问题系统可靠性优化模型的特征，考虑系统可靠性优化模型约束条件，构建一种面向ROP问题系统可靠性优化模型的重要度计算模型，分析了重要度对ROP问题求解的激励机制，提出一种新的ROP问题系统可靠性优化模型求解算法，与基于Birnbaum重要度、△-重要度的系统可靠性优化模型求解算法进行了对比，仿真实验验证了面向ROP问题构建的重要度计算模型对系统可靠性优化模型求解算法驱动的先进性和有效性。.项目负责人及合作者在PNAS、Frontiers of Engineering Management、IISE Transactions、IEEE Transactions on Reliability、Reliability Engineering and System Safety等国际著名学术期刊上发表学术论文20篇，部分研究成果分别被成功应用于我国某型涡轴航空发动机性能优化和靶场外测系统可靠性优化，取得了令人满意的应用效果。