多物理场下微生物污垢的生长与抑制机理及传热特性研究

Non-clean water source heat pumps, such as treated sewage source heat pump, are energy saving and emission reduction technologies with important practical usage. Biofouling seriously impairs treated sewage source heat pump system efficiency and security, which is a bottleneck of development. Biofouling formed by the non-clean water in heat exchangers is also an international hot topic in related scientific areas for recent years. This study focuses on biofouling growth and inhibition mechanisms as well as heat transfer characteristics in the treated sewage source heat pump under multi-physics conditions. With scientific experimental settings and various advanced observation and measurement instruments and technologies, the interactions among growth, heat transfer and influential factors will be detailed investigated, under multi-physics conditions including different temperature fields, flow fields and shear stress fields. A life cycle mechanism biofouling model will be carried out to further simulate and analysis the growth mechanisms and heat transfer characteristics. Base on experiments and simulations results, various physical and chemical inhibition technologies such as micro-nano indentation and chemical agents will be selected, aiming to investigate and evaluate the effects and mechanisms of these new inhibition methods. This study will expand the scientific knowledge of biofouling growth mechanisms and heat transfer characteristics, promoting the development of experimental and modeling strategies, as well as enhancing the understanding of new biofouling inhibition methods.

以再生水源热泵为代表的非清洁水源热泵，是具有重要现实意义的节能减排技术。微生物污垢问题是严重影响再生水源热泵系统效率和安全并制约其发展的瓶颈问题。非清洁流体在设备中形成的微生物污垢是近年相关领域的国际热点。本项目以再生水源热泵微生物污垢在多物理场下的生长和抑制机理及传热特性为研究对象，通过科学的实验设置与多种先进的观察测量仪器，重点考察在不同温度场、流场、剪切力场等物理场下，各种因素与污垢生长过程和传热之间的交互作用。同时，建立微生物污垢三维全生命周期机理模型，通过模型模拟的方法进一步研究微生物污垢的生长机理与传热特性。进而根据实验和模拟结果，选取微纳刻痕、抑垢剂等多种物理和化学抑垢手段，考察评价这些新型抑垢方法的作用机理与效果。本项目将扩展对于微生物污垢生长机理和传热特性这一科学问题的认识，推动实验与模型研究方法的发展，增进对新型抑垢方法作用机理的理解。

以再生水源热泵系统为代表的非清洁水源余热回收技术，近年发展迅速。非清洁水源换热器中形成的微生物污垢，是影响换热效率和系统安全的关键因素。本项目采用实验研究为主，结合理论分析的研究方法，探究再生水微生物污垢的形成机理与抑垢技术。本研究中设计并搭建了机理实验系统和传热实验系统，建立了宏观检测与微观检测相结合的综合检测体系，深入探索污垢生长过程中各因素产生影响的作用机理以及抑垢手段产生效果的抑垢机理。实验探索了温度场与污垢之间的耦合交互作用，并分析了不同温度场下的最优换热布置。基于机理实验结果，建立了多物理场耦合三维全生命周期细胞自动机模型，模型模拟、验证和分析了温度场和污垢的耦合作用，以及颗粒物与污垢的交互作用。提出了包括表面改性抑垢方法、物理手段抑垢方法和化学手段抑垢方法等多种原理的新型抑垢方法，并通过机理实验和辅助CFD模拟揭示了相关抑垢手段抑制污垢生长的作用机理。本项目为微生物污垢形成机理的科学认识、实验与模型研究的推进发展、相关抑垢技术的开发推广提供理论基础和科学支持。本项目组在国家自然科学基金面上项目的资助下，顺利完成了预定研究任务，发表论文10篇，其中SCI和EI收录论文7篇；毕业博士研究生2人，硕士研究生1人，在读博士研究生1人，硕士研究生2人。