高承载性要求的仿脉序加筋布局方法关键技术研究

The stiffened plate and shell structures for both lightweight and high performance requirements, such as precision CNC machine tools, aerospace components, submarines, etc.,The distribution of the stiffener directly affect the mechanical properties of the whole machine structure. However, the structural layout method, especially the layout of the specific configuration design, is still at the initial development stage. The design method of stiffeners layout is not very mature, and still need to be improved. . Biological adaptive growth provides a new idea for the evolution of the stiffener, but the selection of biological prototype limits its application; the plate/shell under complicated loads should be explored by venation growth algorithm. As the heuristic method of topology optimization, evolutionary structural optimization algorithm is bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization. Therefore,based on advancing venation growth algorithm, mature evolutionary structural optimization method is combined in order to solve complex load condition of the shell structure of stiffener layout optimization and enlarge the practicability of the method.

针对兼顾轻量化与高承载性等性能要求高的加筋板壳结构，例如精密数控机床，航天部件，潜水艇等，加强筋的分布直接影响了整体结构性能。然而由于结构布局尤其是具体构型的布局设计现在仍处于初步尝试阶段，加强筋的设计方法也不太成熟，仍需要研究者的改进完善。. 生物的自适应生长为加强筋的进化生长提供了新颖的思路，而由于生物原型的限制其应用范围受到限制；脉序生长算法应探索在复杂载荷下壳体和曲壳结构中的应用；渐进结构优化算法作为启发式的拓扑优化方法，是单元双方向的进化结构优化方法。因此，本研究在已进行的薄板结构加强筋脉序生长算法研究的基础上，将拓扑优化中成熟的渐进优化理论尝试融入，以解决复杂载荷工况下板壳结构加强筋的布局优化，以扩大该方法的工程实用性。

本项目以板壳结构的加强筋为研究对象，研究其如何在保证其不同力学性能下实现加强筋的布局轻量化。项目针对现有板壳加筋和拓扑优化中多约束处理的难点，首先将设计变量离散化，转换为离散变量的组合寻优问题，然后通过对约束的分级处理，并利用统一约束函数将多约束条件转化为单约束条件；再对局部约束和整体约束分前后两级进行优化求解；最后利用ANSYS的二次开发语言APDL完成算法的编程，并对典型工程实例进行计算。结果表明该算法可有效处理多约束条件下的板壳结构加强筋分布优化问题。