单跳射频能量捕获无线传感网供能和数据收集技术及其理论

The emerging Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network (RFEH-WSN) has the following noticeable advantages: stable energy harvesting rate, very small node size, permanently working, etc. They have very broad applications in different fields like medical field, environmental field, etc. Considering that the RF energy harvesting rate is quite low, the RFEH-WSN where multiple access points (APs) are used and the nodes communicate with the APs via one hop is able to achieve relatively high throughput as the nodes have low computational complexity and energy consumption and do not need to relay data. This project is to design and obtain the technologies and theories on energy provisioning and data collection of one-hop RFEH-WSN. The specific research problems to be studied include: (1)designing and optimizing geographical location constrained energy provisioning strategies, which makes the energy source(s) constrained by the geographical location to achieve good performance of energy provisioning; (2)designing and optimizing APs deployment strategies, so as to enhance the up-link channel quality and node energy consumption of communication in the dimension of topology design; (3)designing and optimizing node-throughput-requirement based one-hop data collection strategies, which allocate time and energy resources reasonably to achieve efficient data collection. This project aims to make the one-hop RFEH-WSN achieve good performance of data collection. It has the foresight in theory and technology and is thus important to promote the application of one-hop RFEH-WSN.

新兴的射频能量捕获无线传感网(RF Energy Harvesting WSN, RFEH-WSN)具有能量捕获稳定、节点体积极小、可永久工作等优点，在医学、环境等领域有着广泛的应用前景。射频能的捕获速率较低，使用多接入点和单跳通信的RFEH-WSN由于节点计算复杂度和能耗较低、无需中继数据而能达到相对较高的吞吐量。本项目将研究单跳RFEH-WSN的供能和数据收集技术及其理论，具体研究内容包括：(1)设计与优化地理位置约束的供能方案，使受地理位置约束的能量源达到较好地供能效果；(2)设计与优化接入点布置方案，从网络拓扑维度来优化上行链路质量和节点通信能耗；(3)设计与优化基于节点吞吐量需求的单跳感知数据收集方案，合理分配时间和能量资源以达到高效感知数据收集。本项目的研究旨在使单跳RFEH-WSN达到较好的数据收集效果，具有理论和技术上的前瞻性，对推动单跳RFEH-WSN的应用有重要的意义。

射频能量捕获无线传感网(RF Energy Harvesting WSN, RFEH-WSN)具有能量捕获稳定、节点体积极小、可永久工作等优点，在医学、环境等领域有着广泛的应用前景。射频能的能量捕获速率较低，使用多接入点和单跳通信的RFEH-WSN由于节点计算复杂度和能耗较低、无需中继数据而能达到相对较高的吞吐量。本项目研究了单跳RFEH-WSN的供能和数据收集技术及其理论，具体研究内容包括：(1)设计能量源地理位置受约束的射频供能方案，以达到较好地供能效果；(2)设计接入点布置方案，从网络拓扑维度来优化上行链路质量和节点通信能耗；(3)设计高效的单跳感知数据收集方案，以达到低能耗、高吞吐量等效果。项目的开展取得了以下研究成果：设计了移动轨迹受限的多个移动能量源的速度控制策略，以最小化节点充电时间；设计了多基地、移动轨迹受限的单个移动能量源的速度控制策略，在MC通过整个轨迹后最大化节点中的最小充电能量；设计了给定候选布置位置的网络能耗最小化的能量源布置与发射功率设置方案；设计了给定候选布置位置的总能量捕获功率最大化的能量源布置方案；设计了给定数目的接入点布置和发送功率优化方案，在满足节点能量捕获需求的前提下，最小化整个传感网射频能量发送功率之和；设计了节点吞吐量约束的供能最小化方案；设计了后向散射辅助的RFEH-WSN的节点间通信方案；设计了后向散射辅助RFEH-WSN中的节点到中继节点高吞吐量通信方案；设计了双天线节点间高吞吐量通信方案；设计了多个射频能量源和汇聚节点场景下的数据收集的能量效率最大化方案。这些面向单跳RFEH-WSN的技术，推动了我国在单跳RFEH-WSN该新兴网络的研究，为将来RFEH-WSN的实用化打下一定的基础，具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。