无线纳米传感器网络数据通信技术及其理论

The emerging Wireless Nanosensor Network (WNSN) which consists of nanosensors with the size of just a few hundred nanometers, is able to achieve different tasks that can not be performed by the traditional wireless macrosensor network. It has very promising and important applications in different fields ranging from medical field to environmental field, like intra-body drug delivery systems and high-resolution air pollution surveillance. So far, the researchers in USA have taken some beneficial investigation on WNSN which has some significant features like severely limited computation capability and energy storage. This project is to design and obtain the technologies and theories on point-to-point data communication of the WNSN. The specific research problems to be studied include: designing low-weight codes with the capability of significantly reducing communication energy consumption, designing the frame format for the WNSN's wireless channel with frequent disruption so as to tailor it to WNSN, minimize the overhead and achieve high energy-efficiency, and designing low-complexity energy-efficient reliable data transmission approaches to achieve the reliable transmission. This is a prospective study on the emerging WNSN. It can reduce the gap of WNSN study between our country and developed countries; the research results can fill in the blank of WNSN study in our country and have important theoretical value and practical applications.

新兴的纳米级大小传感器节点组成的无线纳米传感器网络(Wireless Nanosensor Network, WNSN)能够完成传统无线传感器网络无法完成的诸多任务，在医学、环境等诸多领域有着非常重要的应用前景（如体内释药系统、区域空气精确监控等），美国科研人员在WNSN领域已经做了有益的探索。WNSN具有处理能力薄弱和能量极其受限等显著特点。本项目拟研究适用于WNSN的点对点数据通信技术及其理论。具体研究内容包括：(1)设计能显著降低通信能耗的低码重编码方案以达到较好的节能效果；(2)设计面向WNSN间歇性中断信道的数据帧结构以使其适用于WNSN、最小化开销及达到高能量效率；(3)设计低复杂度的低能耗可靠数据传递方案以实现可靠通信。本项目对WNSN开展前瞻性研究，可以缩小我国与发达国家在WNSN研究领域的差距；研究成果可以填补我国在WNSN领域的空白，具有重要的理论意义和应用前景。

无线纳米传感器网络是一个正在兴起的崭新交叉科学研究领域，覆盖了纳米、传感、信息处理、通信等技术领域，在生物医学、工业、环境、军事等领域有着不同于传统传感器网络的广泛、独特的应用前景。新兴的纳米级大小传感器节点组成的无线纳米传感器网络能够完成传统无线传感器网络无法完成的诸多任务。本项目针对无线纳米传感器网络，主要研究了降低通信能耗的低码重编码方案设计、达到高能量效率的数据帧结构设计、低能耗可靠数据传递方案设计、低成本高效率的射频能量源布置方案设计等问题。形成了系统的低码重固长码和变长码设计理论；设计出了高能量效率的数据帧结构；设计出了高效的无线媒质接入控制方案，设计出了低复杂度的低能耗可靠数据传递方案，设计出了低成本高效的射频供能源布置方案。这些面向无线纳米传感器网络的技术，推动了我国在无线纳米传感器网络该新兴网络的研究，为将来无线纳米传感器网络的实用化打下一定的基础，具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。