The flowers of Camellia sinensis synthesize and emit a large variety of volatile phenylpropanoids and benzenoids (VPB) ,which is widely used as fragrance in the cosmetic industry. However, the enzymes related with some VPB synthesis in Camellia sinensis flower remian to be uncover. Furthermore, the response of VPB to enviroment stress is unclear. 1-phenylethanol (1-PE) is the most aboundant VPB in Camellis sinensis flower. In the previously study we found that (S)-1-PE was the major 1-PE emitted from flower without insect attack. However , with insect attack, the major emitted 1-PE was (R)-1-PE. Through a series of protein isolation and purification, we obtained enzyme A and enzyme B. Preliminary experiment results showed that enzyme A may synthesize (S)-1-PE and enzyme B may synthesize (R)-1-PE. In this project, we plan to sequence the amino aicd residues of enzyme A and enzyme B, and identify their nucleotide sequence by alignment with Camellia sinensis flower transcriptome. The function of these two enzymes will be identified by prokaryotic expression, transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and RNAi in Camellia sinesis flower protoplast. The subcelluar location of these two protein and change in transcriptional level under insect attack will also be studied. This project aims to find out the gene synthesize the different enantiomer of 1-PE and clarify the mechanism of change in emitted 1-PE enantiomers ratio induced by insect attack in Camellia sinensis flower.
茶树花富含丰富的芳香族香气物质,具有重要的商业价值,但芳香族香气物质代谢相关的酶和其对外界胁迫的响应缺乏深入的研究。1-苯基乙醇(1-PE)是茶树花中最主要的香气物质。我们前期的研究发现:茶树花释放的1-PE 在无胁迫条件下以S构型为主,而受到昆虫侵害后则以R构型为主。我们通过蛋白纯化分离得到了可能参与昆虫胁迫下(S)-1-PE形成的酶A和(R)-1-PE形成的酶B。本项目拟对酶A和酶B的氨基酸序列进行测定,通过和茶花转录组数据库进行比对确定这两种酶的基因序列,并通过原核表达,烟草瞬时表达和RNA干扰等手段验证这两种酶参与不同构型1-PE合成的功能.此外通过分析这两种蛋白的亚细胞定位和胁迫条件下对基因转录水平的影响来解析昆虫胁迫下这两种酶的响应方式。本项目旨在明确参与两种构型1-PE形成的酶,并阐明昆虫胁迫诱导1-PE构型比例发生变化的机制。
茶树花富含丰富的芳香族香气物质,具有重要的商业价值,但芳香族香气物质代谢相关的 酶和其对外界胁迫的响应缺乏深入的研究。1-苯基乙醇是茶树花中主要的芳香族香气物质。(R)-1-苯基乙醇和(S)-1-苯基乙醇是茶树花中1-苯基乙醇的两种异构体。未受昆虫侵害前,茶树花释放的1-苯基乙醇以S型为主;昆虫侵害后,茶树花释放的(R)-1-苯基乙醇比例上升。本课题致力于解析茶树花受到昆虫侵害后释放的(R)-1-苯基乙醇比例上升的机制。首先,本研究测定了茶花蓟马侵害后茶树花中的茉莉酸含量,发现茶花蓟马侵害后茶树花的茉莉酸含量显著升高。进一步的研究发现昆虫侵害后茶树花中AOS2基因表达量的上升促进了茶树花中茉莉酸的上升。通过茉莉酸处理实验明确了昆虫侵害引起的茉莉酸上升是茶树花释放的(R)-1-苯基乙醇比例上升的主要原因。其次,本研究解析了茶树花中的(R)-1-苯基乙醇和(S)-1-苯基乙醇的合成基因。这是植物中首次发现(R)-1-苯基乙醇的合成酶。(S)-1-苯基乙醇合成酶催化苯乙酮生成(S)-1-苯基乙醇的ee%大于99%,(R)-1-苯基乙醇合成酶催化苯乙酮生成(R)-1-苯基乙醇的ee%为98.6%。第三,本研究利用同位素示踪的方法,通过饲喂同位素标记的苯丙氨酸和苯乙酮,证明了1-苯基乙醇合成酶在植物中普遍存在。而L-苯丙氨酸到苯乙酮代谢路径的缺失是其他植物中不含1-苯基乙醇的原因。本项目的研究拓展了对植物香气应对逆境胁迫的认知,解析了昆虫侵害后1-苯基乙醇构型比例发生变化的机制,并首次发现了植物中的(R)-1-苯基乙醇合成酶。本项目发掘到的两种催化生成特定构型产物的1-苯基乙醇合成酶为今后利用植物源蛋白生物合成手性分子提供了基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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