区域种子植物物种数目估计方法的研究

Many theoretical problems of Ecology came down to the number of species in ecosystems and regions. And the understanding of species number in an ecosystem or region was necessary information for conservation and sustainable utilization. In the last years, there had been some development in different scales (community, regional and global) and the estimating methods of species number. But the estimating methods of species number at regional or global scale was immature and the error resulted from different methods was significant. And these methods were mostly used in animal species such as insects. A little research had been done in the estimation of species number at regional or global scale. Compared with other vegetation data, Remote Sensing had distinct advantages. The vegetation of Donglingshan District, Beijing, Was typical, with pretty good research basis, which made it a suitable region for the research of species number estimation. We planed to compare the influence of vegetation map made based on different Remote Sensing data(TM and MSS), different sampling methods (random and MWNP) and different species-area relationship model to the number estimation of regional species, in order to find out the methods to estimate the number of regional species. The research was important for the research of the relationship of species-area relationship, the gradient of species with latitude and altitude, species number and biomass, productivity, rainfall and other environmental factors and the survey, evaluation of biodiversity.Long term plot(250m×200m), temporary transect(200m×40m) and quadrat were adopted in the research and all the plots were divided into small quadrat(5m×5m) in order to compare the influence of different sampling methods and species-area relationship model to the estimation of number of regional seed plant species. And the communities were classified and the species diversity in the communities and ecotones was studied.The result showed that the property of high species diversity in the ecotones was not significant. Different species diversity(richness and evenness) was different in different communities, different levels(trees, shrubs and grass) and different spatial scales(5m×5m and 25m×25m). Only at the scale from 5m×5m to 10m×10m in the ecotone of Quercus liaotungensis and Juglans　mandshurica ,the scale of 20m×30m in the ecotone of Quercus liaotungensis and Betula　dahurica, the scale from 5m×5m to 10m×10m in the ecotone of mixed shrubs and mixed deciduous broadleaved forest, the species richness was more than that of the corresponding levels in the typical communities.The powers of all the five statistics increase as distance order j increase against inhomogeneous random pattern. They decrease for Pi and Ce and increase for Po,Jz and Eb against regular and Poisson cluster patterns. Po,Jz and Eb can reach high powers with the third or higher order distances in most cases..Nestedness had been suggested to have implications for biological conservation, particularly in relation to SLOSS. It was suggested that Patil and Taillie's right-tail-sum diversity should be the first choice and Hurlbert-Smith-Grasssle's expected diversity be the second in diversity ordering.

考察不同分辨率的卫星遥感数据、不同的植被抽样方法以及不同的种-面积关系模型对区域肿又参镂镏质抗兰频挠跋欤佣范ê鲜实墓兰品椒āＵ舛灾?面积关系、物种数目的纬度梯度和海拔高度梯度、物种数目与生物量、生产力以及降水量和其他环境变量之间的关系等理论问题的深入研究、以及生物多样性的检测与评价都具有重要意义。