植物种子发育及子叶生长对策研究

Seeds must have a complete and viable embryo, with adequate nutritional reserves that are healthy and not dormant to germinate based on these three conditions. Whether the seed development was complete or not, directly affect the permeability of seed coat, the germination of seeds, the growth of the cotyledons and the colonization and vigor of the seedlings. Cotyledon is the first leave structure that appears on the dicotyledonous species growth and development cycle. It plays an extremely important role for early seedling growth, as the energy and nutrients of store and photosynthesis needed for the growth and development of plant are mainly supported by cotyledons in the early seedling stages. Dicotyledonous species with undeveloped embryos and low germination are selected as the typical object in this study, we will do research on morphological, ecological and proteomics characters during seeds development to analyze cotyledons’ forming various ecological adaptive strategies to adapt to the survival environments, including the adaptive strategies pertaining to morphological structure, physiological functions and genetic molecules during the growth and development at different development stages along the life history and explore the defense function and the cotyledons compensation growth capacity after damaged. The results not only may play a critical role in elucidating the plant population evolution, community renewal and succession and vegetation recovery, but also provide the scientific theory and experimental evidence for the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests and production practices.

种子必须具备完整的和有生命力的胚、有足够的营养储备即健康的子叶和不处于休眠状态三个条件才能发芽。种子发育是否完全，直接影响种皮的透水性、种子的发芽、子叶的生长和幼苗的定居与活力。子叶是双子叶植物生长发育周期中最早形成的叶片组织，为早期幼苗阶段的生长发育提供其储存与光合的营养与能量，在幼苗建植阶段发挥极其重要作用。本研究选取种胚发育不完全且发芽率低的双子叶植物为研究对象，沿着种子发育、子叶生长到幼苗成熟这一生活史，对种子发育阶段进行形态学、生态学以及蛋白组学方面的研究，分析子叶为适应生存环境，而形成不同的生态适应对策，即生长发育过程中的形态结构的适应对策，生理功能上的适应对策，遗传分子方面的适应对策，探究子叶的防御功能及受损伤后子叶补偿生长能力。所得结论不仅对植物种群演化、群落更新、演替及植被恢复起到关键作用，而且为植物病虫害防治及生产实践提供科学理论与实验依据。

种子必须具备完整的和有生命力的胚、有足够的营养储备即健康的子叶和不处于休眠状态 三个条件才能发芽。种子发育是否完全，直接影响种皮的透水性、种子的发芽、子叶的生长和幼苗的定居与活力。子叶是双子叶植物生长发育周期中最早形成的叶片组织，为早期幼苗阶段的生长发育提供其储存与光合的营养与能量，在幼苗建植阶段发挥极其重要作用。. 本研究沿着种子发育、子叶生长到幼苗成熟这一生活史，通过形态特征、营养状况、生物量分配及补偿生长效应程度等方面探索种子发芽特性，种子发育与子叶生长的关系，子叶的生长对策以及子叶的防御功能，即幼苗子叶如何保护自己避免植食动物攻击或增强其遭受植食动物攻击后的补偿能力。阐述子叶防御功能与补偿生长效应在幼苗建植过程中的重要作用，分析种子和子叶为适应生存环境，而形成不同的生态适应对策，即生长发育过程中的形态结构的适应对策，生理功能上的适应对策。即监测了植物种子发芽特性与种子发育过程之间的关系，探索了其发芽与子叶生长的适应性对策；研究了不同生境下、不同功能群子叶生长对策，分析了种子发育与子叶生长的相关性；进一步揭示了子叶与真叶抵制植食动物取食而产生防御功能的差异，阐明了幼苗阶段子叶防御功能的生物学适应意义；研究了植物幼苗阶段叶片损伤后而发生的补偿生长效应，分析了子叶与真叶的补偿生长能力的差异及生理机制，探讨了幼苗阶段子叶防御功能与补偿生长效应之间的相互关系。. 关键数据系统描述了种胚发育不完全的种子发育过程，阐述了种子发育-子叶生长-子叶功能的关系。其科学意义是，研究结果不仅对植物种群演化、群落更新、演替及植被恢复起到关键作用，而且为植物病虫害防治及生产实践提供科学理论与实验依据。