大城市非正规商业的区位选择与空间组织模式研究

Informal economic activities are those commercial or service businesses that are not officially recorded in any national accounts for purposes of taxation or social security contributions. These activities consist of not only informal businesses located in fixed premises in rural-urban interface areas and specific urban sections such as urban villages, but also unlicensed street vendors roaming in the city core. These businesses are usually opposed by authorities because they often lead to violations of urban planning and management regulations, tax evasion, inferior products, and safety concerns. However, informal or unregulated economic developments are entrepreneurial endeavors for individuals or collectives who cannot afford fixed premises and are sources of income for those who lack access to formal jobs. They also provide affordable goods and services for the marginal groups. In order to mitigate the negative impact of informal economic activities on urban growth, this research aims at exploring the development of various types of informal economic activities in big cities in China and analyzing the location choice and spatial organization patterns of these informal activities. With case studies in Shenzhen and Nanjing, the determinants of the location choice of informal economic developments will be uncovered using spatial analysis and spatial econometric models. Based on the research findings on the location choice and spatial organization patterns of informal economic developments, optimizing strategies and methodologies for urban planning and governance will be devised. The findings of this research will contribute to urban planning and policy making in coping with the current state and future development of informal urban development, and help in the effective allocation of commercial establishments, especially those businesses at the lower end of the economic spectrum.

非正规商业活动，指没有在政府主管机构注册备案、未获得工商许可的商业或服务业态。包括城乡结合部或城中村中有固定经营场所的非正规商业活动，以及主城区内无证经营的固定和流动摊贩。这些非正规商业活动，因其产品、服务的质量问题或违反城市管理法规，经常被相关部门整治和取缔。但是，这种非正规业态因其就业门槛低、产品价格低廉等优势，成为了城市边缘阶层就业和消费的主要市场。本课题以深圳市和南京市为案例研究地，通过实地调研收集非正规商业活动的空间分布和社会经济数据，利用GIS空间分析和经济计量模型，深入了解大城市中非正规商业的选址和发展机制；全面分析不同种类的非正规商业业态的发展动因、区位选择及空间分布；剖析其空间组织模式上的合理性及负面影响因素。提出优化城市商业空间的规划布局及策略，以及综合疏导、治理非正规商业的有效手段和科学方法；积极引导城市商业和就业全方位、多层次的包容性发展。

非正规商业活动，指没有在政府主管机构注册备案、未获得工商许可的商业或服务业态。包括城乡结合部或城中村中有固定经营场所的非正规商业活动，以及主城区内无证经营的固定和流动摊贩。这些非正规商业活动，因其产品、服务的质量问题或违反城市管理法规，经常被相关部门整治和取缔。但是，这种非正规业态因其就业门槛低、产品价格低廉等优势，成为了城市边缘阶层就业和消费的主要市场。本课题以深圳市和南京市为案例研究地，通过实地调研收集非正规商业活动的空间分布和社会经济数据，利用GIS空间分析和经济计量模型，深入了解大城市中非正规商业的选址和发展机制；全面分析不同种类的非正规商业业态的发展动因、区位选择及空间分布；剖析其空间组织模式上的合理性及负面影响因素。提出优化城市商业空间的规划布局及策略，以及综合疏导、治理非正规商业的有效手段和科学方法；积极引导城市商业和就业全方位、多层次的包容性发展。