三维有序大孔复合结构的制备及其糖尿病呼气标志物丙酮气体气敏特性的研究

Acetone gas has been identified as a biomarker of diabetes, and disease diagnosis using acetone gas in exhaled breath has the advantage in terms of noninvasive. However, how to detect trace level acetone gas with high sensitivity, resolution and outstanding anti–interference to humidity is still a hard task. Therefore, this project plans to design a gas sensor which combines the unique structure advantage of three-dimensional inverse opal (3DIO) and the catalytic benefit of precious metal (Pm) as the core, to enlarge the acetone gas sensing properties of sensitivity and resolution. In addition, a filter layer of hydrophobic molecular sieve is modified on its surface to improve the sensor anti–interference humidity property. Specifically, we focus our researches on the interaction of composite sensitive layer between semiconducting metal oxides (SMO) and Pm, and the coaction between composite sensitive layer and the filter layer, in order to obtain a gas sensor with excellent acetone gas sensing properties in high humidity exhale breath environment. This project will introduce a new type gas sensor, provide experimental basis and theoretical guidance and promote the application and development of the sensor.

丙酮气体是糖尿病呼气生物标志物气体，对其进行精准检测有望实现非侵入式诊断糖尿病。目前，在呼气复杂环境下对痕迹量级丙酮气体进行高灵敏度与分辨率、强抗湿度干扰性的检测是传感器件研究的难点。本项目拟将具有“结构增感”功能的三维有序大孔结构（3DIO） 半导体金属氧化物（SMO）与具有“材料增感”功能的贵金属（Pm）内核相结合，以实现对丙酮气体检测灵敏度与分辨率的放大传感；并在其表面修饰一层疏水分子筛过滤层，以改善传感器件的抗湿度干扰性能。研究Pm@SMO复合敏感层之间、敏感层与分子筛过滤层之间的相互作用，及其对器件电学与传感特性的调制作用，获得在高湿度环境下对标志物气体丙酮具有良好传感性能的器件。本项目将设计一种新型的气敏传感器件，为此类传感器件在呼气标志物检测方面提供实验依据与理论指导，促进该类传感器的应用与发展。

本项目利用模板法制备了具有“结构增感”功能的3DIO SMO (In2O3、3DIO ZnO、3DIO WO3)，并将具有“材料增感”功能的Pm (Au、Al)与3DIO相结合，实现了对丙酮和乙醇气体检测灵敏度与分辨率的放大传感，筛选出了对丙酮和乙醇气体具有优秀传感性能的传感器件。进一步，在筛选出的传感器件敏感层表面成功引入一层疏水分子筛过滤层，对比研究了疏水分子筛过滤层引入前后传感器件在模拟呼气环境下针对目标检测气体的检测灵敏度，结果表明疏水分子筛过滤层的引入可以有效的改善传感器件的抗湿度干扰性能。随后，在实现模拟呼气环境下对目标检测气体进行检测的前提下，将疏水分子筛过滤层改进型的传感器件应用于临床呼气样本中丙酮气体和乙醇气体的检测，测试结果显示改进型的传感器件能够有效区分糖尿病患者和健康个体，可以对饮酒个体呼气样本中的乙醇气体进行有效追踪探测，表明该类传感器件有望实现非侵入式疾病诊断与醉酒分辨。综上，本项目设计了一种新型的气敏传感器件，实现了对糖尿病呼气生物标志物气体丙酮气体及醉酒呼气生物标志物气体乙醇气体的有效检测，促进了呼气传感器件的应用与发展。