野生阿魏菇与新疆药用阿魏植物共生对宿主适应干旱环境的作用

Aimming at that symbiosis is one of the most effective strategies that living beings adapt to envirnmental stress,as well as inspiration by the natural phenomena that wild ferula mushroom grows on assafoetida plants' roots，this project obtains inoculating or infecting strains of wild ferula mushroom throught collecting,isolating and identifying wild ferula mushroom fruit bodies from plants'roots of 6 different medicinal species of genus Ferula in xinjiang.By paraffin section and light microscope, scanning electron microscope, ultra-thin slices and transmission electron microscope,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and UV spectrophotometer assay,and fluorescence quantitative PCR technology, through study on changes of roots'surface characteristics and internal structures,and physiologically metabolic activities of medicinal assafoetida plants in xinjiang before and after wild ferula mushroom is inoculated (or infected),the symbiotic relationship between wild ferula mushroon and assafoetida plants is confirmed. And with the help of small instruments for determination of some plant physiological and biochemical indexes,through study on wild ferula mushroon on growth and development of assafoetida plants under drought stress, the effect of symbiosis between wild ferula mushroom and assafoetida plants on host adaption to drought enviroments is uncovered, as well as growth and development law of assafoetida plants is also discussed,which provides the theory basis for wild fence of assafoetida resource and artificial cultivation of assafoetida plants.It is a profound significance to protect and save rare peculiar medicinal assafoetida plants'resources in Xinjiang,to maintain ecological balance and improve envirnment,to keep geo-herbalism of assafoetida medicinal materials.

针对共生是生物适应胁迫环境的有效策略之一，并基于野生阿魏菇生于阿魏植物的根上这一自然现象的启发。本项目拟对6种新疆药用阿魏植物根上真菌子实体的采集、分离和鉴定，获得接种用野生阿魏菇菌种。利用石蜡切片和光镜、扫描电镜、超薄切片和透射电镜观察方法，高压液相色谱法或酶联免疫吸附法和紫外分光光度计检测法，荧光定量PCR技术，通过野生阿魏菇接种（或侵染）前后对新疆药用阿魏植物根表面特征、内部结构和生理代谢活动变化的研究，明确野生阿魏菇与新疆药用阿魏植物的共生关系。并借助小型仪器对植物生理生化指标的测定，通过不同干旱胁迫下野生阿魏菇对阿魏植物生长、发育影响的研究，揭示野生阿魏菇与新疆药用阿魏植物共生对阿魏植物适应干旱环境的作用，以及探讨阿魏植物生长、发育的规律，为野生围栏抚育、人工种植提供理论依据，对保护和拯救新疆特有珍稀药用阿魏植物资源，维持生态平衡，改善环境，保持阿魏药材的道地性有着重要现实意义。

原计划围绕"野生阿魏菇与新疆药用阿魏植物共生对宿主适应干旱环境的作用"的研究，建立获得野生阿魏菇菌种的方法,提出并明确野生阿魏菇与新疆药用阿魏植物的共生关系,阐述野生阿魏菇与新疆药用阿魏植物共生对宿主植物适应干旱环境的作用，以及揭示阿魏植物生长、发育的规律,撰写论文3～5篇，申请专利1～2个，培养硕士生2～3名。四年来经过项目组人员的努力工作，圆满完成了项目计划预定的主要研究内容，特别是确定野生阿魏菇真菌与新疆药用荒漠植物阿魏之间的共生关系，野生阿魏菇与新疆药用荒漠植物阿魏共生对宿主适应干旱环境起着重要作用，阿魏菇真菌对荒漠植物阿魏种子发芽有明显抑制影响，导致荒漠植物阿魏短命的主要因素是温度，荒漠植物阿魏叶片蒸腾速率呈现高度接近自然水面蒸发的指数型曲线等多方面取得了重要进展。发表论文2篇，硕士论文1篇，申请专利2个，培养毕业硕士生1名。