祁连山土壤氮矿化特征及分异规律研究

The object of this study is soil nitrogen of the Qilian Mountain. To bring the dynamic monitoring of changes of soil nitrogen mineralization at different altitudes into effect, we should use a method which combines both explant culture of field soil with laboratory analysis. Chemical speciation, mineralization characteristics, seasonal dynamics regime and laws of variation of soil nitrogen which in the same forest stand at different altitudes sites and/or the diverse forest stand at equal altitudes sites to be studied by analyzing some environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, pH, soil nutrient and so forth. The interaction effect between soil temperature and air temperature and the relationship between soil nitrogen mineralization quantity and its rate with air temperature, as well as the influence of soil temperature, humidity and soil physical & chemical properties on soil nitrogen mineralization can be studied. Based on environment variables which cause of soil nitrogen mineralization be understudied, we can build a model to describe the relationship between soil nitrogen mineralization quantity and its rate with environment variables. Then we can put forward some technical regulations of soil nitrogen monitoring and clear some effective ways to promote soil nitrogen mineralization, explore the key technologies to maintain and improve stand productivity as well. All of these explorations and research are aimed to provide a scientific basis for evaluating patterns, processes and service functions of arid and semi-arid mountain forest ecosystems under background of global climatology change.

本研究以祁连山土壤氮为主要研究对象，采用野外土壤移植培养和实验室分析相结合的方法，对祁连山土壤氮矿化在不同海拔梯度上的变化进行动态监测，通过分析气温、降水、土壤养分、温度、湿度、pH值等环境因子，研究祁连山不同海拔梯度的同一林分及同一海拔梯度的不同林分类型土壤氮的赋存形态、矿化特征、季节动态特征及分异规律；研究土温和气温的互作效应及土壤氮矿化量、矿化速率与气温的关系；土壤温度、湿度、土壤理化性质对土壤氮矿化的影响。寻找引起土壤氮矿化的环境变量，建立主要环境变量与土壤氮矿化量、矿化速率关系模型，提出土壤氮监测技术规程，阐明促进土壤氮矿化的有效途径，探索维持和提高林分生产力的关键技术，为评估全球变化背景下干旱半干旱山地森林生态系统格局、过程及其服务功能提供科学依据。

本研究以祁连山土壤氮为主要研究对象，采用野外土壤移植培养和实验室分析相结合的方法，对祁连山土壤氮矿化在不同海拔梯度上的变化进行动态监测，通过分析气温、降水、土壤养分、温度、湿度、pH 值等环境因子，研究祁连山不同海拔梯度的同一林分及同一海拔梯度的不同林分类型土壤氮的赋存形态、矿化特征及分异规律；研究土温和气温的互作效应及土壤氮矿化量、矿化速率与气温的关系；土壤温度、湿度、土壤理化性质对土壤氮矿化的影响。寻找引起土壤氮矿化的环境变量，建立主要环境变量与土壤氮矿化量、矿化速率关系模型，提出土壤氮监测技术规程，阐明促进土壤氮矿化的有效途径，探索维持和提高林分生产力的关键技术，为评估全球变化背景下干旱半干旱山地森林生态系统格局、过程及其服务功能提供科学依据。