Deafness and balance disorders caused by the application of aminoglycoside antibiotics is one of the most difficult problems in otology. Studies have shown that aminoglycoside cause apoptosis of inner ear hair cells, but the exact mechanism has not been elucidated. Our previous study found that apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) involved in the aminoglycoside-induced apoptosis in rat vestibular hair cells, yet, the exact mechanisms of the activation of AIF pathway are not clear. Studies have shown that AIF mediated apoptosis is dependent on PARP-1 and Calpain activation. On the basis of our previous researches, the present project is designed to set the model of streptomycin-induced inner ear damage rats at overall and cellular level and to detect apoptosis of inner ear hair cells by flow cytometry and TUNEL. The expressions of PARP-1,Calpain and AIF will be detected by real-time PCR and western-blot. The nuclear translocation of AIF will be detected by confocal microscopy.We want to clarify the PARP-1-mediated AIF pathway in streptomycin-induced apoptosis of inner ear hair cells. On this basis, we will further observe the change of apoptosis of inner ear hair cells through the interference of PARP-1 or Calpain expression. Our new research will lends insight into the etiology and mechanisms responsible for aminoglycoside otoxity, which may, in turn, offer novel effective therapeutic targets to deafness and balance disorders by administration of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
应用氨基甙类抗生素引起的耳聋及平衡障碍是耳科学治疗的难题。研究表明氨基甙类抗生素损伤内耳的主要机理是毛细胞凋亡,但具体机制不明。我们前期研究发现氨基甙类抗生素导致的大鼠前庭毛细胞凋亡中有AIF参与,但关于AIF通路激活的具体机制不明。有文献报道AIF介导的凋亡依赖于PARP-1和Calpain的活化。我们拟在前期研究的基础上,建立大鼠链霉素内耳损伤体内外模型,通过流式细胞术和TUNEL法观察内耳毛细胞凋亡,应用Real-time、Western blot检测AIF、PARP-1和Calpain表达,运用共聚焦显微镜观察AIF核转位,阐明PARP-1介导的AIF通路在链霉素致内耳毛细凋亡中的作用及具体机制;在此基础上,抑制PARP-1或Calpain的表达,观察对内耳毛细胞凋亡及AIF核转位的影响。本研究将从新的视角阐明氨基甙类抗生素耳毒性机制,并为药物性耳聋及平衡障碍治疗提供新的靶点。
研究背景:作为抗结核治疗的常用药物,链霉素是目前应用较广泛的氨基糖甙类抗生素之一,由链霉素导致的耳聋及平衡障碍临床常见。传统观点认为,氨基甙类抗生素引起内耳毛细胞凋亡是由半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶(caspases)负责执行的。但是非caspases依赖凋亡途径,比如新近发现的凋亡诱导因子(apoptosis inducing factor,AIF)途径等可能也发挥了重要作用。因此本研究希望探讨AIF凋亡通路在毛细胞凋亡中的作用。.研究方法:通过大鼠连续腹腔注射链霉素制作链霉素耳毒性体内模型,原代培养大鼠乳鼠基底膜以及连续培养HEI-OC1细胞并使用链霉素处理制作链霉素耳毒性的体外模型。通过游泳试验评估前庭功能,通过MTT法,流式细胞术、Myosin 7a免疫荧光染色等观察链霉素对毛细胞的损伤作用。通过RT-RCR、Western-blot、免疫荧光等分子生物学方法研究AIF、PARP-1、Calpain等分子在毛细胞内的表达情况。通过抑制AIF、PARP-1、Calpain表达,观察其对内耳毛细胞凋亡的影响。.研究结果:(1)链霉素对毛细胞的损伤作用。耳蜗及前庭毛细胞均呈凋亡样改变。大鼠游泳试验评分明显升高,Corti器体外培养示毛细胞损失随浓度升高而增加,由顶回向底回逐渐加重。MTT法亦示浓度依赖性损伤。.(2)AIF在毛细胞凋亡中作用。链霉素处理后AIF mRNA表达增加,线粒体中AIF表达降低,细胞质中表达升高;免疫荧光示AIF出现在细胞核,提示AIF自线粒体转移到细胞核中。抑制其表达后,细胞凋亡减轻。.(3)PARP-1及Calpain在链霉素致毛细胞凋亡中的作用。链霉素处理后PARP-1表达升高,免疫荧光示其主要聚集于细胞核区域。使用3-AB抑制PARP-1后细胞存活数升高, AIF转位趋势消失。PARP-1高表达后,HEI-OC1细胞凋亡率增加。Calpain在链霉素处理后表达亦升高,抑制Calpain亦表现出对毛细胞损伤的保护作用。.科学意义:(1)成功建立了三种链霉素耳毒性模型,为此次及后续研究奠定了基础。(2)证实了AIF参与了链霉素致内耳毛细胞凋亡(3)证实了AIF通路受PARP-1以及Calpain调控。本研究对氨基糖苷类药物致内耳毛细胞凋亡机制提出了新的见解,完善了对氨基糖苷类药物耳毒性的认识,为临床防治药物耳毒性提供了理论基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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