可见光催化功能负载型生物膨胀石墨吸附降解石油烃基础研究

With the development of the industrialization process，oil and its products pollution has become more and more serious，which caused serious harm to water and eventually to human health. According to the deficiencies of the existing microbial remediation technologies for oil, the project aimed at constructing of visible light catalytic functions loaded biological expanded graphite for in situ remediation of typical petroleum hydrocarbon pollution, which started from the screening and optimization of cooperative metabolism mixed hydrophobic bacteria of petroleum hydrocarbon and the preparation N-TiO2 expanded graphite. When the constructed composite expanded graphite was used, it could adsorb oil and freely float in the water, which provided good condition for visible light catalytic oxidation. The oxidation products could be directly used by microorganism grown inside of expanded graphite. The overall process well realized deep integration of the adsorption-visible light catalytic -biodegradation, greatly enhanced its degradation remove ability for petroleum hydrocarbons. The subject adopts laboratory and field research methods to deeply study the dynamic performance mechanism between adsorption, visible light catalytic and biodegradation during the in situ remediation of oil pollution, and its application performance, so as to provide the theory and the practical basis for its practical application.This research has great significance to guarantee the water ecological security, which has broad application prospect.

随着工业化进程的不断发展，石油及其制品的污染问题也日趋严重，对水体造成严重危害，并最终威胁到人类的健康。本项目针对现有石油污染水体微生物修复技术存在的不足，拟以典型石油烃污染为研究对象，从优化制备N-TiO2膨胀石墨和筛选优化具有协同代谢作用的疏水性石油烃降解混合菌出发，研究构建可见光催化功能负载型生物膨胀石墨，应用时该复合功能膨胀石墨捕集吸附石油烃后漂浮于水体表面，为可见光催化氧化提供良好条件，膨胀石墨的孔腔结构为石油烃降解菌生长提供良好的庇护场所，石油烃的光催化氧化产物可直接被微生物利用，很好地实现了吸附-可见光催化-生物降解体系的深度集成，极大提升了其对石油烃的降解去除能力。课题采用实验室和现场研究方法，深入探讨可见光催化功能负载型生物膨胀石墨吸附-可见光催化氧化-生物降解石油烃的动态作用机制和实际应用性能，以期为该技术在石油烃污染水体原位修复中的推广应用提供理论依据和实践基础。

随着工业化进程的不断发展，石油及其制品的污染问题也日趋严重，由于各种原因导致的石油及其制品的泄漏，对水体将造成严重危害，并最终威胁到人类的健康。.本项目拟以水体柴油污染为研究对象，研究构建集吸附、可见光催化、疏水性石油烃降解复合菌和漂浮性能于一体的复合功能膨胀石墨，对其吸附-可见光催化氧化-生物降解石油烃的动态作用机制和实际应用性能进行深入研究。.研究采用溶胶-凝胶法合成漂浮型膨胀石墨基复合炭负载M (Ag/Bi/Ni)-N共掺杂TiO2可见光催化材料Me (Ag/Bi/Ni)-N- TiO2/EGC，其最佳制备条件为：Me/Ti (%)摩尔比分别为1.5（Ag）、1.0（Bi）、1.0（Ni），焙烧温度为550 ˚C，该条件下制备的Me (Ag/Bi/Ni)-N- TiO2/EGC对柴油的降解率分别为65.1 %、83.8 %和84.1 %。XRD、BET、SEM和XPS分析结果表明，该材料具备介孔结构，TiO2主要晶型为锐钛矿结构，SBET分别比N-TiO2/EGC提高了67.5 %、135.1 %和42.6 %，其在420 nm的吸光强度比N- TiO2/EGC分别提高了31.8 %、179.2 %和84.0 %。Me (Ag/Bi/Ni)-N-TiO2/EGC对柴油的可见光催化降解反应均遵循L-H动力学方程，光催化反应速率常数k分别为0.982、1.656和1.542 min-1。吸附和光催化降解实验结果说明，吸附是高效光催化作用的前提条件，而对柴油过高地吸附量会抑制光催化活性地提高。.项目以柴油为唯一碳源，筛选分离得到了6株高效疏水性石油烃降解菌，分别命名为T1，T4，D3，D4，R3，R4，对1600mg/L柴油的7天降解率分别为：80.09%、85.38%、87.93%、78.27%、75.32%和84.36%。构建了生物膨胀石墨对石油烃具有优异的去除性能，其对柴油的去除以生物降解为主（约占90%），吸附去除为辅（约占10%），吸附对生物降解具有良好的协同作用。.生物膨胀石墨和可见光催化功能膨胀石墨的复配使用对柴油去除率高于单一材料，膨胀石墨疏水亲油特性，吸附富集作用对提高柴油降解效率十分有利，其对石油烃的降解是通过吸附富集、光催化和生物降解的协同效应进行的。.本项目研究为石油污染水体的高效原位修复提供了良好的技术支撑和理论依据。