系统级电磁环境效应中的高频场线耦合分析及应用

High-frequency field-to-line coupling analysis is an important part of the system-level electromagnetic environment effect (E3) assessment. At low frequency, the classical field-to-line model based on TEM wave approximation can be used to calculate the current and voltage response excited by the external field. However, if the incident frequency becomes high enough such that the corresponding wavelength is comparable to the transverse size of the transmission line, the classical model will produce unacceptable model error. Therefore, high-frequency field-to-line coupling in the background of system-level E3 assessment will be studied in this project. Depending on integrating historical research results and further studying, the high-frequency field-to-line coupling model will be established, which is well developed and generalized, and no longer restricted to quasi TEM approximation. The analysis results can be precise as the ones obtained by full wave analysis and the equation form can keep same as the classical transmission line equation. Therefore, the classical transmission line theory and method can be continuously used. The efficient numerical algorithm will be developed in order to apply to system-level E3 assessment. Furthermore, the randomness of any strapping cable will be described and combined with other probability statistics methods in system-level E3 assessment, so as to perform the field-to-line coupling analysis of any strapping cable with multi-cavities structure in typical electromagnetic environments. This study will boost the theoretical and technological development of system-level E3 assessment in China.

场线耦合分析是系统级电磁环境效应(E3)评估的一个重要内容。低频情况下可以使用基于TEM波近似的经典场线耦合模型来计算外场激励下的传输线沿线电流电压响应。然而，当入射波频率增加到对应波长和传输线横向尺寸之间可比拟时，经典模型将产生不可接受的模型误差。因此，本项目将围绕系统级E3评估来进行高频场线耦合分析的研究，整合历史研究成果，构建理论完备、普适性强的高频场线耦合模型，使它不再受限于准TEM波近似，从而可以获得和全波分析方法同样精确的分析结果；又能保持和经典传输线方程一致的方程形式，从而可以使经典传输线理论方法得以继续的运用。发展相应的高效数值算法，为其在系统级E3评估中的应用奠定扎实基础。针对任意捆扎线缆的随机性展开研究，并将其和系统级E3评估中的其它概率统计方法有机结合，以完成典型电磁环境下包含多腔体结构的任意捆扎线缆的场线耦合分析。本项研究将有助于我国系统级E3评估理论与技术的发展。

场线耦合分析是系统级电磁环境效应(E3)评估的一个重要内容。低频情况下可以使用基于TEM波近似的经典场线耦合模型来计算外场激励下的传输线沿线电流电压响应。然而，当入射波频率增加到对应波长和传输线横向尺寸之间可比拟时，经典模型将产生不可接受的模型误差。因此，本项目围绕系统级E3评估来进行高频场线耦合分析的研究，整合历史研究成果，构建理论完备、普适性强的高频场线耦合模型，使它不再受限于准TEM波近似，从而获得了和全波分析方法同样精确的分析结果；又保持了和经典传输线方程一致的方程形式，从而保留了“路”分析方法的简便性，使经典传输线理论方法得以继续的运用。该模型根据传输线超理论（TLST），从麦克斯韦方程组出发，结合电磁散射原理和格林函数，描述了非均匀多导体传输线沿线电位/电荷和电流间满足的微分-积分混合方程的关系。通过乘积积分方法，将高频模型从原始微分-积分混合方程转化为与经典模型方程结构类似的方程，实现了对模型方程的数值求解，突破了模型转换和求解过程中的若干关键技术。通过若干仿真算例（如平行直线多导体传输线，平行弯曲对导体传输线、存在一定夹角的传输线，不在同一平面内的传输线、双绞线的算例）和实验测量，验证了高频模型的正确性、准确性及普遍适用性。根据高频场线耦合模型及其数值求解技术，开发高频场线耦合求解器；并和系统级E3评估中的其它概率统计方法如混响室概率统计模型和随机捆扎线缆建模技术等有机结合，成功应用于系统级电磁环境效应分析的多种场景中，实现了高频分布参数的提取、多腔体内场线耦合分析、随机捆扎线缆场线耦合的统计分析等。本项研究将有助于我国系统级E3评估理论与技术的发展。