Giant cell tumor (GCT) is one of the most common primary aggressive bone tumor, with a high postoperative recurrence rate. GCT is labeled by severe osteolytic destruction. Our previous and other studies have confirmed that drugs targeted osteolysis, including bisphosphonate and denosumab, could significantly improve the prognosis of GCT patients. Histone 3.3A (H3F3A) with various mutations participates in the occurrence and development of several tumors. Recent studies showed that G34W mutation in H3F3A gene specifically existed in the stromal cell of GCT (GCTSC), while a number of G34W mutated GCTSCs remained in the bone tissue after GCT patients treated with denosumab, and might further induced tumor recurrence after drug withdrawal. In the previous research, we found that G34W mutation might also correlated with GCT recurrence after bisphosphonate treatment. In addition, G34W mutation might promoted RUNX2 expression through the regulation of trimethylation on the 36th amino acid of H3F3A, and further accurate cell proliferation and osteoglast differentiation in GCT. Based on these findings, we intend to investigate the role and mechanism of H3F3A G34W mutation in the regulation of tumor growth, osteolysis, and recurrence after bisphosphonate or denosumab treatment in GCT both in vitro and in vivo. The present study may offer new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for GCT.
骨巨细胞瘤(GCT)是最常见的骨原发侵袭性肿瘤之一,术后复发率较高。溶骨破坏是GCT最特征性的病理表现之一,我们的前期研究和近期研究均表明抑制溶骨破坏的药物双膦酸盐和地诺单抗可显著改善GCT患者预后。组蛋白3.3A(H3F3A)不同位点的突变与多种肿瘤的发生有关,其G34W突变特异存在GCT基质细胞(GCTSC)中,并且地诺单抗治疗后骨组织残留大量G34W突变的GCTSC,可能导致停药后肿瘤复发。项目组在前期研究中进一步发现G34W突变可能与双膦酸盐治疗后复发有关,并可能通过调控H3F3A蛋白第36位氨基酸的三甲基化促进RUNX2的表达,进而调节细胞增殖和骨破坏。基于这些研究结果,本项目拟从分子和细胞水平及体内实验阐明H3F3A G34W突变在GCTSC介导的肿瘤增殖、溶骨破坏及双膦酸盐或地诺单抗治疗后肿瘤复发等过程中的作用和机制,为GCT的临床诊断和治疗提供新的理论基础和治疗靶点。
骨巨细胞瘤(GCTB)是最常见的骨原发侵袭性肿瘤之一,术后复发率较高。由破骨样巨细胞导致的溶骨破坏是GCTB最特征性的表现,但基质细胞(GCTSC)被认为是该肿瘤中唯一的瘤性细胞,其特征性基因突变组蛋白3.3A(H3F3A)G34W突变已成为GCTB的诊断标志物之一。地诺单抗是GCTB目前最主要的治疗药物,可阻断破骨样巨细胞形成,从而抑制肿瘤,但地诺单抗治疗后GCTSC仍存在于新生成的组织中,并可能导致停药后复发。本研究中,我们在细胞水平阐明了H3F3A G34W突变对GCTSC增殖、细胞周期、迁移、诱导破骨细胞分化及向成骨细胞分化等多方面的影响,并发现G34W突变的GCTSC具有更强的对唑来磷酸和地诺单抗的耐受性。通过PDX小鼠模型,我们发现G34W突变的GCTB生长更为迅速,且对唑来磷酸和地诺单抗的耐受性更强。项目组进一步发现H3F3A G34W可促进甲基化酶NSD1对H3F3A K36位点的甲基化,从而促进H3F3A与RUNX2基因序列结合,并促进RUNX2的表达。且抑制NSD1可阻断G34W对RUNX2表达的促进作用及对GCTSC增殖、迁移等的促进作用。我们进一步在动物模型中发现抑制NSD1可抑制G34W突变GCTB的生长,且阻断NSD1可能和地诺单抗具有协同作用。这些研究结果表明H3F3A G34W突变可能在GCTSC的形成和肿瘤进展过程中发挥关键作用,且该突变可能通过促进NSD1对H3F3A K36位点的甲基化,激活H3F3A与下游靶基因序列的结合并促进表达,从而发挥多方面作用。而阻断NSD1可抑制G34W突变的功能,从而抑制GCTSC。且在GCTB中阻断NSD1可能和地诺单抗具有协同作用。该研究初步阐明了H3F3A G34W突变在GCTSC中可能的作用和机制,并发现靶向NSD1可能成为GCTB新的辅助治疗靶点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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