矿用表面-内置式永磁转子同步电机研究

For defects of built-in permanent magnet motor with torque ripple, magnetic flux leakage and surface-mounted permanent magnet motor with field weakening speed range, low power density, therefore, the project proposed new rotor structure of mining permanent magnet synchronous motor. First content is new rotor structure mining permanent magnet synchronous motor design and optimization. The analytical method and finite element combining model is proposed on the base of meet the permanent magnet amount of surface type, built-in and the new rotor permanent magnet motors equal conditions. The motor magnetic circuit structure and sizes are optimized using finite element parametric modeling and niche genetic algorithm. The design framework, the motor structure and the magnetic circuit sizes are determined. Secondary content is the establishment of multi-physics coupling model of the motor. Coupling simulation model of the motor, controller and controlled power circuit is found. The motor lumped parameter analytical model motor is found and the stress and temperature rise of motor structure are calculated by thermal field - coupled stress model. Third content is motor digital control system and test devices: the establishment of the motor control system model; simulation of its The dynamic nature of the weak magnetic speed capability and range; production prototype, set up the experimental platform. The superiority of the new rotor mining permanent magnet synchronous motor performance, the modeling analysis of accuracy and a reasonable field weakening speed control technology were verified by experimental data and simulation results.

针对矿用内置式永磁电机存在转矩脉动大，漏磁突出；表面式永磁电机具有弱磁调速范围小，功率密度低缺陷，本项目提出一种新型矿用永磁同步电机新结构。研究内容为：1）新型矿用永磁同步电机设计及优化：满足永磁用量与表面式、内置式永磁电机相等条件，采用解析法及有限元法相结合建模；采用有限元参数化建模方法结合小生境遗传算法优化电机磁路结构及主要尺寸，确定设计方案；2）建立电机多物理场耦合模型：建立电机、控制器与可控电源耦合仿真模型；建立电机热场-应力场耦合模型，计算电机结构应力与温升；建立电机集中参数解析模型；3）建立电机数字化控制系统及试验装置：建立电机控制系统模型；仿真其动态特性、弱磁调速能力及范围；制作样机，搭建实验平台。实验数据与仿真结果比较，验证新型矿用永磁同步电机性能的优越性、建模分析计算的精确性及弱磁调速技术的合理性。

本项目结合表面式永磁电机与内置式永磁电机的优势，提出了一种表面-内置式永磁同步电机(SIPMSM)结构。1）完成SIPMSM初步设计：对比表面式与内置式PMSM结构参数及性能要求，设计了SIPMSM的电磁参数及结构尺寸；2）建立了SIPMSM的解析-有限元法分析模型：在SIPMSM永磁用量与表面式、内置式PMSM永磁用量相等的条件下，采用解析法及有限元法相结合建立SIPMSM模型，分析电机的磁场特性；3）完成SIPMSM的优化设计：采用有限元参数化建模方法建立SIPMSM的优化数学模型，协调设计表面永磁体与内置永磁体尺寸，内置永磁体与表面永磁体之间的距离，内置式永磁体的厚度、长度及开口角度等，完成了其磁路结构及主要尺寸设计及优化工作，分析了SIPMSM在表面式永磁体采用不同充磁方式和偏心距时的空载反电势、齿槽转矩和力能指标等特性；4）建立SIPMSM的电磁场和温度场有限元耦合模型：分析在同步运行速度下负载和永磁体退磁对SIPMSM三维全域温度场的影响，并分析了在额定负载下运行速度对SIPMSM三维全域温度场的影响；5）引入田口法实现SIPMSM的多目标优化设计：选取齿槽转矩、电磁转矩波动、转矩永磁体重量比和力能指标等特性作为优化目标，并确定了对目标特性影响较大的优化参数和参数影响因子取值范围。建立参数影响因子和优化目标的实验正交矩阵，利用有限元法进行求解，分析参数的影响因子对SIPMSM目标性能的影响比重，从而确定使SIPMSM综合性能最佳的参数组合；6）采用在表面式永磁体和转子铁心表面敷设铜层的方式实现了SIPMSM的异步起动，避免了在转子上开槽而造成转子机械强度下降，提供了一种结构简单、机械强度可靠、适宜重载起动及具有一定线性度的异步起动SIPMSM。计算数据与样机实验结果验证了所提出的新结构电机具有漏磁小，气隙磁密功率密度高，转子的机械强度大，温升低，抗去磁能力强等优点。