草本植物蒸腾速率及叶性状与个体大小的异速生长关系

Since the Geometric Similarity Model (GEOM) was built by Galilei in 1638, the allometry between biological traits and body size has attracted attention from around the academy. Especially, after the WBE model was built by West, Brown and Enquist, the subject about allometry became a popular topic in ecology again. However the study on the allometry between metabolic rate and body size only focused on the photosynthesis rate or respiration rate and ignored the transpiration rate. Nevertheless previous studies concentrated on the predictions rather than the assumptions of these models. In this study, we will conduct an environment-controlled experiment and an investigation on 45 herbaceous species. The allometry between transpiration rate and plant size will be analyzed to fill in the blanks of the GEOM and WBE. The theoretical basis of WBE will be test by the evaluation of the WBE assumption. We will test GEOM and WBE models at both intraspecific and interspecific levels, and discus what are the reasons for these differences between two levels. The present study is not only to develop and improve the individual ecology, but also to establishes a theoretical basis for the future study on the metabolic activity and transport of mass and energy in population, community and ecosystem.

自1638年伽利略建立几何自相似模型（GEOM）之后，生物学性状与个体大小的异速生长关系已经受到了学界的广泛关注，尤其是 West、Brown和Enqusit建立WBE模型之后，生物异速生长关系这一主题再次成为生态学领域的热门话题。然而以往关于代谢速率与个体大小的研究只关注了光合速率和呼吸速率，而忽略了对植物蒸腾速率的研究；并且以往多是研究各模型的预测，而对模型建立的理论假设条件研究较少。本研究以45种草本植物为研究对象，通过盆栽实验和野外调查，分析蒸腾速率与个体大小的关系，填补GEOM和WBE等相关模型的研究空白；通过评估WBE模型建立的假设条件，评价WBE模型的理论基础；并在种间水平和种内水平综合分析GEOM和WBE模型，探讨在不同研究水平结论差异性的原因。本研究不仅是对植物个体生态学研究的重要发展与完善，也为进一步研究种群、群落、生态系统水平的代谢活动及物质能量流动奠定理论基础。

植物蒸腾速率与叶性状及个体大小间的异速生长关系，对其生存和生长具有重要的生态学意义。鉴于WBE模型中关于蒸腾速率部分的研究还处于空白，同时蒸腾速率又是影响植物个体大小的重要因素，本项目以松嫩草地41种植物为研究对象，以蒸腾速率为切入点，采用盆栽和野外调查的研究方法，从蒸腾速率、叶性状、个体大小等三个角度探讨蒸腾速率与叶性状及个体大小的异速关系。揭示植物蒸腾速率、叶性状及个体大小在种内和种间的变化规律，比较种内水平和种间水平的差异，阐明GEOM和WBE等模型的假设和预测在不同水平的适用性，综合分析在验证GEOM和WBE模型过程中，种内水平的异速分析结果对种间水平的影响，探讨在不同研究中产生矛盾结果的原因，分析生态代谢理论及进一步建立精确模型的发展趋势与方向。