舰船轴频电场抑制技术研究

The corrosion electric field and the cathodic protection system of vessel can produce electric current in shaft. When shaft rotates, with its periodic variation of impedance, it produces shaft frequency electric field. Since the shaft frequency electric field can be identified from a long distance, it has become a notable sign of vessel's characteristics and it can be applied in vessel detection, trailing, localization and attack. Countries as Russia, the US, Britain, Canada etc have already achieved great accomplishment in the research of restraining in the shaft frequency electric field. However, it's almost blank in the domestic study in this area, which weakens the research effect of demagnetization and sound elimination, and in turn causes our vessel to face great threat. This project monitors shaft voltage, calculates and outputs the steerable electric current and pours this electric current into the vessel's main shaft to compensate the change of electric current caused by impedance, so the shaft frequency electric field can be restrained. By analyzing the inner connection of restraining electric current and the monitored electric voltage, the project puts forward the prediction techniques of restraining electric current. To enhance the restraining effect, the project proposes the compensation strategy of shaft frequency electric field and restraining electric current. By analyzing the error source that affects the restrain precision of electric field, the program builds mathematic model. To compensate on time in this system, the prognosis precision of restraining electric current can be improved. This project has great significance in reducing the error of restraining electric current, enhancing the restraining effect of shaft frequency electric field, improving the concealment of vessel and increasing vessel's vitality. The techniques and methods in this project can be used widely.

舰船的腐蚀电场和阴极保护系统，会在轴系中产生电流，轴系转动时，其阻抗周期性变化，产生轴频电场。轴频电场传播距离远、易被识别，已成为显著的舰船特征信号，可用于舰船探测、跟踪、定位和打击。俄、美、英、加等国已在轴频电场抑制研究中取得相当成就，而国内却几乎空白，这大幅削弱了消声和消磁研究效能，使我舰船面临巨大威胁。本项目通过监测到的轴地电压，计算并输出可控抑制电流，注入到舰船主轴，补偿阻抗变化引起的电流波动，从而抑制轴频电场。分析抑制电流与监测电压的内在联系，创新性的提出抑制电流预测方法；为提高抑制效果，提出轴频电场抑制电流误差补偿策略，分析影响电场抑制精度的误差源，建立其数学模型，在系统中及时补偿，提高抑制电流预测精度。本项目可有效减少抑制电流误差，增强轴频电场抑制效果，提高舰船电场隐蔽性，提升舰船生命力，具有十分重要的意义。本项目的技术和方法具有广泛的适用性和基础性。

舰船腐蚀电场和阴极保护系统，随着轴系转动，会产生轴频电场，该轴频电场传播距离远、易被识别，已成为显著的舰船特征信号，可用于舰船探测、跟踪、定位和打击。俄、美、英、加的研究已取得了相当成就，而国内几乎空白。本项目研究舰船轴频电场的特性，分析其防护原理和整体测量方法，提出了一种轴频电场抑制方法，研制了轴频电场抑制装置，并验证了装置性能。主要内容如下：.（1）分析了舰船轴频电场产生机理及防护策略。对舰船静电场和交变电场的产生机理进行了分析；并对潜艇轴频电场抑制效果进行了仿真分析。.（2）研究了舰船电场整体特性测量及分析方法。为克服现有舰船电场测量装置的不足，基于卫星定位技术、惯性技术、逆向工程等先进技术，提出了一种可以自由移动到任意点位进行电场测量，并能够完整测得舰船电场在三维空间整体分布的测量方案和测量装置；提出一种水下电场传感器姿态位置测量方法，可以准确快速的得出舰船电场传感器姿态和位置，过程简单，成本低。.（3）研究了舰船轴频电场抑制方法。分析舰船电场被动防护和主动防护原理及其特点，研究了与舰船轴频电场有关的舰船结构电学特性，提出了一种基于补偿负电势的舰船轴频电场抑制方法，仿真分析了基于补偿负电势电场抑制的原理和各个重要参数的影响。.（4）研制舰船轴频电场抑制装置。分析了舰船轴频电场抑制装置的研制要求，设计了研制方案，研究了抑制装置的关键技术，研究、设计并制作了轴频电场抑制装置各组成部分的硬件设备，实现了舰船轴频电场抑制装置的硬件研制。.（5）完成了轴频电场抑制技术试验验证。研究、设计、实现了缩比模型试验和实船试验，处理各项试验数据表明，本轴频电场抑制方法和抑制装置能够抑制93%的舰船轴频电场。.本研究系统分析了轴频电场的特性，提出的轴频电场整体测量方法和研制的轴频电场抑制装置，对增强舰船电场隐蔽性，提高舰船生命力的保障力，提升信息化条件下我军的战斗力，具有十分重要的军事意义。