基于解释水平理论的P2P网络借贷信息歧视研究

As an important business innovation of digital finance, online P2P lending satisfies loan requests from various borrower groups in the society and increases financial performance. However, a critical problem for online P2P lending is information discrimination where borrowers fail to receive lenders’ money due to their personal information (e.g., gender, location). Therefore, this proposal aims to systematically investigate the information discrimination problem in online P2P lending and provide a more powerful theory for developing better online lending. Based on the construal level theory, this study includes three parts. Part one explores the key factors of information discrimination and their influences on lenders’ investment behavior by integrating theories of home bias and social homophily, based on the “Renrendai” transaction data. Part two investigates the moderating role of borrowers’ credit information on information discrimination by drawing on the dual processing theory through quasi-experiment method. Part three studies the impacts of information discrimination on charitable investment behavior based on the value-behavior correspondence theory by using survey method. In sum, this study expects to enrich the literature on information discrimination in online P2P lending, and provide practical suggestions and guidance in designing information disclosure strategy to manage information discrimination problem.

作为重要的互联网金融创新模式，P2P网络借贷有利于满足社会不同人群的资金需求，提高金融效益。但是，借款人因性别、地域等个体信息无法获得出借人资金的信息歧视是当前P2P网络借贷所面临的重要问题。因此，本课题旨在科学地剖析P2P网络借贷的信息歧视现象，为营造良好的互联网借贷环境提供更具解释力的新理论。基于解释水平理论，本课题的研究包括三个模块：1）结合本土偏好效应和社会同质性理论，基于“人人贷”交易数据，探索信息歧视的关键因素及其对出借人投资行为的影响；2）借助双重加工理论，采用准实验方法，发现借款人信用信息对信息歧视的缓解机制；3）聚焦于公益型P2P网络借贷，借鉴价值行为对应理论，使用问卷调研方法，挖掘信息歧视对帮扶型投资行为的影响。通过课题研究，在理论上力图完善P2P网络借贷信息歧视的理论体系；在实践中，力求为构建P2P网络借贷的信息披露体系以缓解信息歧视现象提供建议与指导。

随着互联网金融的不断普及，P2P网络借贷成为传统金融服务的重要补充，能有效的满足不同人群的资金需求。对P2P网络借贷投资行为的研究具有重要的理论和实践价值，符合我国新形势下发展普惠金融的迫切需要。本项目聚焦P2P网络借贷的投资者投资决策，应用管理学、心理学、营销学和信息管理的相关理论，采用基于二手数据的经济计量分析和实验研究等方法，重点研究了借款人个体信息导致的歧视型投资、人机交互对出借人投资决策的影响以及公益型在线医疗众筹中的资源分配不均现象。研究结论新盈，可以为网络借贷平台的项目筹款机制、项目精准推荐机制和资源分配不公缓解机制设计提供理论依据和决策指导，对政府规范P2P网络借贷行业也有一定的参考价值。