纳米TiN-PEEK树脂复合涂层可控制备和自润滑抑腐蚀机理研究

In theory，the single metal materials is difficult to satisfy the requirements of wear and corrosion resistance. The ceramic coating can modify the surface of the metal. The reason of premature failure of coatings under the condition of abrasion and erosion synergy are the brittleness and through pores. Although sealing layer is usually adopted; it is difficult to resist wear. Therefore, to develop the coating with improving wear resistance and realize self-sealing during wear is the key to solve the abrasion corrosion resistance coating material. To achieve this objective, nano TiN ceramic-PEEK resin composite coating is elaborately prepared on the surface of metal materials using multiple synchronous sending powder co-deposition plasma spraying. This project adopts the nanometer ceramics-organic composite material ideas to realize this project, with the aid of low friction coefficient and high plasticity of organic material, self-lubrication and self-sealing of ceramic coating during the process of wear are realized. The formation mechanism of the TiN ceramic - PEEK resin composite coating will be studied, and the influencing factor of PEEK deposition and distribution will be analyzed; The interaction mechanism of wear and erosion and the influence law of PEEK resin to self- antifriction will be revealed; the influence law of wear to the structure state of PEEK and PEEK self-sealing during wear will be researched；and the mechanism of PEEK resin strengthen TiN coating will be investigated. This project has important significance on abrasion and corrosion theory research and abrasive-corrosion material development, The developed coating has wide application prospect in the Marine environment.

理论上，单一金属材料很难同时满足耐磨和耐蚀的要求。陶瓷涂层可对金属材料表面改性，由于陶瓷的脆性及涂层中存在通孔，陶瓷涂层在磨、蚀共同作用下过早失效。采用封孔又难抵御磨损对封孔层的破坏，因此研制出既有高耐磨、减摩性,又能伴随磨损实现涂层自封孔的涂层是解决耐磨蚀材料的关键。本项目采用纳米陶瓷-有机物复合的思路实现此研究目标，采用多路同步送粉共沉积等离子喷涂在金属表面研制纳米TiN-PEEK树脂复合涂层。借助PEEK的低摩擦系数、高塑性实现涂层自润滑及磨损过程中自封孔。研究TiN-PEEK复合涂层的沉积机理及影响PEEK沉积及分布的因素；探明PEEK对复合涂层耐磨蚀性的影响规律及自润滑的机理；揭示磨与蚀协同关系机理、磨蚀过程中磨损对涂层自封孔的影响规律；研究PEEK树脂增强纳米TiN陶瓷的机制。本项目对磨蚀理论研究及磨蚀材料开发有重要意义，所研制涂层在海洋环境中具有广泛的应用前景。

在磨蚀共存的环境下，单一材料很难同时满足耐磨和耐蚀的要求。陶瓷涂层可对金属材料表面改性，由于陶瓷的脆性及涂层中存在通孔，陶瓷涂层在磨损和腐蚀的共同作用下容易过早失效。本项目的目标是研制出既有高耐磨和减摩性,又能伴随磨损实现涂层自封孔的陶瓷-树脂复合涂层，解决耐磨蚀共存环境下的材料问题。.揭示了PEEK在喷涂过程中可以熔融形式和PEEK的沉积机理。采用异路同步送粉喷涂法和喷涂喷雾造粒粉法，分别研制了添加PEEK的TiN-PEEK复合涂层，优化了制备涂层的工艺参数。发现异路同步送粉法制备的涂层组织致密，PEEK相弥散分布，耐磨性较好；喷涂喷雾造粒法制备的涂层耐腐蚀性能较好。揭示了涂层的摩擦磨损机理：磨损机理有磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损，随着载荷的变化，复合涂层磨损机理发生变化，低载荷时磨损机理以疲劳为主，中载荷磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损共同作用，最后在高载荷下以磨粒磨损为主。.TiN-PEEK复合涂层的耐腐蚀性能比TiN涂层优异。TiN-PEEK复合涂层的腐蚀过程可以分为两个阶段，腐蚀开始到43小时为腐蚀前期，是纯TiN涂层的1.66倍，43小时至172小时为腐蚀后期，比纯TiN涂层的耐腐蚀时间提高了1.7倍。腐蚀机理：在涂层腐蚀前期，孔隙电阻Rpo和电荷转移电阻Rt值减小， 涂层电容Qc和双电层电容Qdl值增大，这说明电解质溶液中的分子或离子向工作电极方向扩散的速率在增加，涂层孔隙和基体界面处的电荷转移越来越容易，腐蚀溶液越来越迅速渗入到涂层中。磨损与腐蚀共存的条件下，磨损和腐蚀的协同作用为：磨损使复合涂层的自腐蚀电位降低,腐蚀电流密度增大，磨损加速了涂层的腐蚀；磨损对腐蚀初期影响小，主要表现在中低频区；腐蚀后期，磨损对于腐蚀的加速作用较明显，相位角峰明显往高频端移动，说明电化学腐蚀加速。腐蚀对磨损的影响：单一磨损条件下的磨损率恒定不变，腐蚀磨损状态下的磨损率随时间延长一直增长。腐蚀和磨损的交互作用量及其在磨蚀失重中所占的比例都随着腐蚀时间的延长而增大。复合涂层的耐磨蚀性能是由耐磨损性和耐腐蚀性共同配合所决定的。