高分子材料刮擦破坏的实验技术与机理分析

The objectives of this research project focus on the understanding of the mechanism of polymer scratch damage and the improving of material's scratch resistance. Considering the complicate mechanical properties and scratch damage modes of polymeric materials, the experimental methodology will be studied, as well as the mechanism analysis will be conducted. Starting from the newly established ASTM/ISO polymer scratch standards, considering the representative phenomena of polymer scratch, the study of experimental methodology and design of equipment of polymer scratch will be finished. Using this scratch equipment, which can conduct various loading pattern and capture the fundamental information in-situ from the polymer scratch procedures, the systematic scratch tests will be performed for various polymers under different load conditions. After obtained the experimental data, the understanding of the mechanism of polymer scratch damage can be achieved with the help of the introduction of material constitutive model to the framework of finite element simulation. The meaningful guidance can be given to improve the scratch resistance. It is reasonable to predicted that the innovative achievements, such as the experimental methodology and equipment of polymer scratch, understanding of scratch damage mechanisms and the improvement of scratch resistance, can harvested from the proposed research effort.

本课题以系统研究高分子材料刮擦破坏机理和提高其刮擦性能为目标，针对高分子材料复杂力学性能和刮擦破坏形式，采用实验和理论分析结合的思路，开展高分子材料刮擦破坏的实验技术与机理分析研究。实验技术方面，以最新的ASTM/ISO国际测试标准为出发点，利用申请人所掌握的核心技术，打破欧美日对该类技术和仪器的垄断，同时开发具有更好科学性与系统性的高分子刮擦实验技术与仪器，充分考虑刮擦代表性特征、加载方式（位移、荷载、速度等）灵活、即时获取认识刮擦破坏机理的重要数据（刮擦变形形貌、温度变化、破坏过程等）；理论分析方面，通过系统的高分子材料刮擦实验，总结基本规律，利用基于合理的材料本构模型的有限元数值模拟为研究工具，系统揭示高分子材料刮擦破坏机理和演化规律，为提高材料刮擦性能提供理论和技术指导。预计本项目将在高分子材料刮擦实验技术与仪器、破坏机理分析与刮擦性能改善等方面取得突破。

本项目针对高分子材料复杂力学性能和刮擦破坏形式，开展了高分子材料刮擦破坏的实验技术与机理分析研究。参考最新的ASTM/ISO国际标准，开发了科学性与系统性良好的高分子刮擦实验技术与仪器，充分考虑刮擦代表性特征、加载方式灵活、可即时获取重要数据（刮擦变形、温度变化、破坏等）。形成了具有自有知识产权，打破欧国外技术垄断的高分子刮擦实验仪器。并以此为依托，系统开展了高分子材料刮擦实验，分析了高分子材料刮擦破坏机理，并基于合理的材料本构，开展有限元数值模拟研究，揭示了高分子材料刮擦破坏机理和演化规律，为提高材料刮擦性能提供了切实的理论和技术指导。在高分子材料刮擦实验技术与仪器、破坏机理分析与刮擦性能改善等方面取得了突破。