基于线状基底石墨烯复合物电极的可控制备及其在柔性超级电容器方面的应用

Graphene fibers are the ideal electrode materials of flexible wire-shaped supercapacitors due to their excellent mechanical, electrical and electrochemical properties. In this project, graphene will be controllably self-assembled on various wire-shaped substrates by adjusting the self-assembly process of graphene to obtain porous graphene-based fibers with high mechanical, electrical and electrochemical properties. Furthermore, the porous graphene nanostructure on various wire-shaped substrates will further act as the scaffold to deposit nanostructured conductive polymers or metal oxides to enhance their properties. Based on the as-prepared graphene composite fibers, flexible wire-shaped supercapacitors will be designed and fabricated. The performance of the wire-shaped supercapacitors will remain almost unchanged under different bending states by optimizing the configuration of flexible wire-shaped supercapacitors. The as-prepared wire-shaped supercapacitors will be tested by in-situ characterization methods to understand their structure evolutions and kinetics with different bending states.

基于石墨烯的线状电极以其优异的力学、电学和电化学性质成为柔性线状超级电容器的理想电极材料。本项目将在前期工作的基础上，通过有效调控单层石墨烯的自组装，将石墨烯可控组装到不同线状基底上，得到力学、电学和电化学性质兼备的多孔石墨烯线状电极；进一步以不同线状基底上多孔石墨烯作为基底，将金属氧化物或导电聚合物纳米结构可控沉积到石墨烯表面，来提高线状石墨烯电极性能。基于制备的线状石墨烯复合物电极，设计组装柔性线状超级电容器，通过改进和优化线状超级电容器的器件结构，使柔性线状超级电容器性能在不同弯曲形变下能够保持稳定。实现不同表征手段对不同弯曲形变下线状超级电容器充放电过程的原位检测，深入了解柔性线状超级电容器在不同弯曲形变下的结构演变及动力学过程。

近年来，便携式电子产品朝着轻薄化、柔性化和可穿戴方向快速发展，这就迫切需要与之相匹配的轻薄且柔性的储能器件。超级电容器以其高功率密度、快速充放电、高安全性和易于柔性化等特点，成为柔性储能器件领域的研究热点，但是，如何制备高性能柔性电极和设计非传统器件构型是当前柔性超级电容器面临的关键问题。石墨烯以其独特的结构与优异的性质是构建柔性电极的理想材料，本项目以氧化石墨烯作为构建石墨烯宏观体的前驱体，发展了金属还原法和电沉积法等技术在不同种类的基底上可控生长石墨烯及其复合物多孔结构的策略，获得了一维线状和二维薄膜石墨烯基复合物电极，并研究了其组装机理；通过调控和优化石墨烯与赝电容材料之间的协同效应，建立了石墨烯基复合物电极的构效关系，获得了兼具优异力学、电学和电化学性能的石墨烯基复合物电极；基于制备的石墨烯基复合物电极，分别设计组装了纤维型、薄膜型、三维一体化、非对称型柔性超级电容器器件，通过优化电极结构和器件构型，实现了超级电容器器件在不同弯曲形变下保持性能稳定。相关工作在Nano Research、Nanoscale、Small等期刊发表论文7篇。本项目将为石墨烯电极在柔性储能器件中的应用具有重要指导意义。