手性络合分子对含铅废渣的选择性浸出及其循环再生过程研究

The increasing accumulation of lead slag in the surroundings seriously affects human’s health. This project proposes a novel, clean lead recovery route, which includes the using of chiral amine molecules as the selective leaching agent for lead slag, the controlled crystallization of carbonation process, and the regeneration process of mother liquor. The key feature of the route is that the chiral amine molecules can be recycled to make the process cost effective.. This project will utilize the particular three–dimensional space structure of chiral amine molecules and amino–acid double complexation process. The selective leaching of lead can be realized by tuning the molecules and the complexation. The method will build a strong space steric effect, like the relation of key-keyhole, so that lead element of lead resources will selectively dissolve during the leaching process and the other elements (such as Zn, Al, Cu, Fe, Ca, Sn and Ba) will keep insoluble due to the steric–hinerance effect. This project will carry out the following research: The screen of functional groups of amino, carboxyl and their derivatives of chiral amine molecules, and the selectivity of the gas phase precipitation agent and the optimization of the conditions of precipitation, crystallization and thermal decomposition process. The project will offer a clean recovery method for waste lead resources with high activity and high purity of alpha-PbO. It is also a reliable method for all kinds of lead slags and lead wastes in our country.

针对日益堆积的含铅废渣产生的周边血铅问题，本项目拟利用手性络合分子开展含铅废渣的选择性浸出和碳化结晶过程，以及开展循环母液的再生过程的系统研究，实现含铅资源的清洁回收和手性络合分子的循环利用。本项目拟研究手性络合分子自身氨基-羧酸基等官能团和铅元素之间的双重络合作用和自身所特有的空间立体结构，构建铅元素和手性络合分子之间具有类似“钥匙-钥匙孔”之间独特的空间选择能力，以及对锌、铝、铜、铁、钙、硅、锡和钡等杂质具有不同的络合常数和空间位阻效应，实现含铅资源中铅元素的选择性浸出过程。本项目通过对分子结构官能团的筛选、衍生物的调控选择、气相沉淀剂的选择性沉淀，以及结晶和热分解条件的控制，建立含铅资源选择性浸出-铅离子的可控沉淀-手性络合分子再生的循环系统，获得含铅资源清洁回收高活性高纯度α-PbO的关键制备技术，从而为我国各类含铅废渣的回收提供清洁的回收方法和相应的技术原型。

针对日益堆积的含铅废渣产生的周边血铅问题，本项目利用手性络合分子开展了含铅废渣的选择性浸出和碳化结晶过程，以及开展循环母液的再生过程的系统研究，实现含铅资源的清洁回收和手性络合分子的循环利用。本项目拟研究手性络合分子自身氨基-羧酸基等官能团和铅元素之间的双重络合作用和自身所特有的空间立体结构，构建铅元素和手性络合分子之间具有类似“钥匙-钥匙孔”之间独特的空间选择能力，以及对锌、铝、铜、铁、钙、硅、锡和钡等杂质具有不同的络合常数和空间位阻效应，实现了含铅资源中铅元素的选择性浸出。本项目通过对分子结构官能团的筛选、衍生物的调控选择、气相沉淀剂的选择性沉淀，以及结晶和热分解条件的优化控制，建立含铅资源选择性浸出-铅离子的可控沉淀-手性络合分子再生的循环系统，获得了含铅资源清洁回收高活性高纯度α-PbO的关键制备技术，从而为我国各类含铅废渣的回收提供清洁的回收方法和相应的技术原型。