高海拔寒冷地区室内热环境质量及调控机理研究

The regions above 3000 meters，such as the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and the Andes plateau, have unique climate characteristics of low air pressure, the large temperature difference between day and night, the strong solar radiation and low sky background temperature. Building indoor thermal environment quality in these areas is adverse. The existing researches are lack of researches on heat transfer mechanism and conditioning measures of indoor thermal environment in these ares.Through theoretical analysis, the natural and forced convection heat transfer characteristics of the vertical and horizontal surface under low pressure conditions and heat transfer characteristics of thermal radiation of both inside and outside of palisade structure are studied in this project. And the mathematical models of indoor thermal environment and indoor thermal environment control equipment is established.The field tests are used to get the dynamic characteristics of indoor thermal environment in high-altitude cold regions. Besides, the field tests and experiments in laboratory furniture in high altitude cold region and plateau environment simulation cabin are introuduced to obtain the thermal performance of environmental control equipment under low pressure. The method combining theoretical analysis , field test, test bench experiment and CFD simulation is used to analysis the influence of high altitude cold climate to performance of indoor thermal environment and indoor thermal environment control equipment (radiator, fan coil and floor radiation and so on). The design method of the building environment in high-altitude cold regions is established.These research results will provide scientific support for engineering design and conditioning control, and also provide technical guarantee for creating a comfortable and safe indoor thermal environment in high-altitude cold regions.

海拔3000米以上的青藏高原和安第斯高原地区具有低气压、昼夜温差大、天空背景温度低和太阳辐射强等独特的气候特征，建筑室内热环境质量恶劣，现有的研究缺乏对其传热机理和调控措施的研究。本项目通过理论分析低气压下竖直面与水平面的自然对流和强迫对流的传热特征和高海拔寒冷地区的围护结构内外的辐射换热特征，建立室内热环境和室内热环境调控设备的数学模型；采用现场测试得到高海拔寒冷地区室内热环境的动态特征，通过现场测试和高海拔寒冷地区实验台及高原环境模拟舱实验得到低气压下室内热环境调控设备的性能；综合理论分析、现场测试、实验台实验和CFD模拟来研究高海拔寒冷地区气候对室内热环境和室内热环境调控设备（散热器、风机盘管和地板辐射等）的性能的影响，建立高海拔寒冷地区建筑环境的设计方法。研究成果将为工程设计和运行调控提供科学支撑，为高海拔寒冷地区营造舒适安全的室内热环境提供技术保障。

此项目针对高原寒冷地区的建筑能源系统展开研究。首先对高海拔寒冷地区的气候及建筑热工性能特性进行了调研和分析。进而针对此地区独特的气候及建筑特点，进行了针对该地区的建筑室内热环境研究。再而，根据前述研究结合现有建筑能源系统形式，提出了针对此地区的建筑能源应用系统形式的方案，并开展了对太阳能水源热泵复合系统和太阳能空气源热泵复合系统在此地区的适用性研究。最后，对高海拔地区室内热环境调控策略进行了研究，并进行了仿真模拟和优化研究。此项目按照既定计划执行，实现了预期目标并获取了相关成果。