基于波长调制-TDLAS技术的“两杂”种子活力无损检测机理及方法研究

Aiming at the shortcomings of the current seed vigor determination method, such as large workload, long cycle, great environmental impact, quantitative relationship between seed vigor and respiration intensity, and the material origin of respiratory strength is uncertain. In this project, the concentration of CO2 in the process of aerobic respiration was studied by using the wavelength modulation-TDLAS (tunable laser diode absorption spectroscopy) method, which was based on the "two hybrid" seeds (hybrid rice and hybrid maize and their parental lines). The respiration process was monitored by selecting seed samples with different vigor gradients, after the seed respiration intensity was obtained, part of the seeds were determined by germination experiments to determine the level of activity, and the same batch of seed chemical composition was determined, another part of the seeds were used to calculate the seedling rate through the field emergence test, and then the relationship between seed respiration intensity and seed vigor and its chemical composition were comprehensively analyzed. The project is expected to reveal the material causes of seed respiration intensity and establish a quantitative relationship between seed vigor and respiration intensity, and also expected to establish a clear mechanism of seed vigor detection model based on wavelength modulation technology-TDLAS, and realize the "two hybrid" seed vitality fast non-destructive testing. The expected results of the project are of great significance to further explore the law of seed vigor and to further improve the level of seed quality testing in china.

针对目前种子活力测定方法中存在工作量大、周期长、受环境影响大的缺点，种子活力与其呼吸强度的定量关系、以及呼吸强度的物质成因尚不明确等问题。本项目以“两杂”种子（杂交玉米、杂交水稻及其亲本）为研究对象，采用波长调制-TDLAS（可调谐激光二极管吸收光谱）方法，研究种子在有氧呼吸过程中释放的CO2浓度信息，通过选取不同活力梯度的种子样本监测其呼吸过程，获取种子呼吸强度数据后，部分种子通过发芽实验逐粒测定其活力水平，并测定同批次种子化学成分，部分种子通过田间出苗试验计算出苗率，然后综合分析种子呼吸强度与种子活力以及其化学成分的相关性。项目预期将揭示种子呼吸强度的物质成因，确立种子活力与呼吸强度的定量关系，建立机理明确的基于波长调制-TDLAS技术的“两杂”种子活力检测模型，实现“两杂”种子活力快速无损检测。项目预期结果对深入探究种子活力变化规律以及进一步提升我国种子质量检测水平均具有重要意义。

针对目前种子活力测定方法中存在工作量大、周期长、受环境影响大的缺点，种子活力与其呼吸强度的关系、以及呼吸强度的物质成因尚不明确等问题。本项目以“两杂”种子（杂交玉米、杂交水稻及其亲本）、常规稻为研究对象，基于种子在有氧呼吸过程中释放的CO2浓度信息，采用TDLAS技术进行了以下研究：（1）研究了基于TDLAS技术的种子活力检测技术基本原理，获取了种子活力检测过程中系统设置的最优解调系数、调制解调参数、调制扫描和信号采集参数；（2）种子呼吸的检测模型研究，分析了不同浸种时间、浸种温度、不同收获期等种子活力相关影响因素建立了基于呼吸强度的种子活力检测模型；（3）对常规粳稻品种中总淀粉、总脂肪、总蛋白、过氧化氢酶测定与种子活力相关性及其活力相关主成分进行了相关性分析，获得了影响种子活力的主要物质成分；（4）对种子的物理性质与种子活力的相关性进行研究和分析；（5）研究了基于骨架算法的种子标准发芽的快速识别方法，开发了基于图像识别的种子标准发芽实验自动检测软件；（6）采用整体量化模型建立了种子活力无损检测评价方法模型。本项目建立了机理明确的基于种子呼吸CO2检测技术的种子活力检测模型，实现水稻、玉米种子活力快速无损检测。在本项目的支持下，已经发表（含接收）论文11篇，后续还将有相关受资助论文发表，申请专利8项目，其中授权国家专利5项目（发明专利1项），申请软件著作权1项，培养研究生2名，参加国内外学术会议4次。超额完成计划书规定的各项指标。