云南不同热带森林蛀干甲虫Beta多样性分布模式、影响因素和形成机制探讨

The beta diversity, an important component of biological diversity index, which was determined as the composition change in species assemblages across temporal and spatial scale, has been used widely to describe the diversity distribution pattern recently. The beta diversity was affected by niche process, dispersal limitation and geography evolutionary history combined. To explore the beta diversity distribution pattern of different fauna group and their influencing factors between the habitats which is similar though in a larger distance and which is not similar but in a smaller distance is a fundamental question in the community ecology and population evolutionary biogeography. The Xylophagous beetles of tropical and subtropical forests, as the important indicator taxon of forest diversity, not only occupied the similar niche but also have the same dispersal ability. In the present study, we test the hypothesis that the distribution pattern of Xylophagous beetles was regulated by different mechanisms. The four sampling plots in the Yunnan Province were selected including Xishuangbanna of southern Yunnan, Daweishan of southeastern Yunan, Tongbiguan of southwestern Yunnan and Dulongjiang of northwestern Yunnan. Through the standard quantified sampling methods we collect the Xylophagous beetle within forest canopy and tree stem. We want to detect the response of selected insect assemblage to host specificity of dominant and rare tree species within typical forests of region. Furthermore, we try to study how the distance and habitat affect the species distribution pattern through linking the flora and geography evolutionary history as well as the mechanisms on maintenance of diverse Xylophagous insect assemblages in tropical forests.

物种beta多样性已广泛用于表述多样性分布格局,其水平受生态位过程、散布限制及地质进化历史等综合影响。了解不同生物类群的beta多样性分布格局及影响因素，特别是空间相距较远而生境条件相似，以及空间相距较近但生境条件迥异的两个地点上种群的beta多样性水平，是群落生态学和进化生物地理学的一个基础性命题。蛀干甲虫不仅生态位相似，且散布能力基本相当。作为热带森林多样性的重要指示类群,其分布规律尚待研究。本项研究拟以中国云南（滇南西双版纳、滇东南屏边大围山、滇西南德宏铜壁关和滇西北独龙江）四个不同地区典型森林植被蛀干甲虫为研究对象，通过标准量化的取样方式收集树木冠层和树干内部的蛀干昆虫标本，探讨beta多样性构成和群落相似性水平对不同地点不同地理尺度上两类宿主树种（优势种和稀有种）特异性的响应机制，并联系植物区系地理和地质进化历史解释热带地区极其丰富多样的植食性甲虫形成的原因和维持机制。

物种beta多样性已广泛用于表述多样性分布格局,其水平受生态位过程、散布限制及地质进化历史等综合影响。了解不同生物类群的beta多样性分布格局及影响因素，特别是空间相距较远而生境条件相似，以及空间相距较近但生境条件迥异的两个地点上种群的beta多样性水平，是群落生态学和进化生物地理学的一个基础性命题。蛀干甲虫不仅生态位相似，且散布能力基本相当，作为热带森林多样性的重要指示类群,其分布规律尚待研究。本项目旨在探讨云南不同地区热带森林蛀干甲虫beta多样性分布的基本规律和分布格局。通过综合取样系统，在中国云南（滇南西双版纳，滇东南文山马关古林箐，滇西南德宏铜壁关和滇西北独龙江）四个不同地点，通过标准量化的取样方式收集树木冠层和树干内部的蛀干昆虫标本，探讨蛀干甲虫beta多样性构成和分布格局，以及群落相似性水平对不同地理空间尺度上两类宿主树种（优势种和稀有种）的特异性响应机制，并联系植物区系地理和地质进化历史解释热带地区极其丰富多样的蛀干甲虫群落结构形成和维持机制。研究结果表明，大部分蛀干甲虫的beta多样性分布在宏观地理空间尺度上主要受外界环境气候梯度影响，在当地尺度上主要受食物资源的空间分布所控制和调节，宿主树种的特异性响应机制对蛀干甲虫类群而言在现有的研究精度上并不明显。蛀干甲虫多处于一种泛性取食带谱范围内，对宿主树种具有较大的选择空间和范围。