钙钛矿太阳能电池中高效TiO2纳米颗粒电极的构筑及性能

Due to the excellent characteristics, perovskite solar cell has been developing rapidly in recent years. Nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode has been widely used as electron transport carrier of the perovskite solar cell, and also as the supporter of the perovskite absorber. However, nowsdays the nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode is suffered from two main problems that have severely restricted the development of high-efficient perovskite solar cell. One is the nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode with poor perovskite pore filling. The other is the nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode with low electron mobility. To solve the problem of nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode with poor perovskite pore filling, the characteristics of the perovskite absorber formation mechanism and the solar cell fabrication technologies were analyzed. And an innovative layer-by-layer deposition method for perovskite absorber deposition is put forward, based on the well-design of electrode microstructure and fabrication technologies. Meanwhile, the electrode microstructure will be optimized and an element co-doped electrode is proposed, to enhance the electron mobility of the electrode. The relations between the performance of the solar cell and the related parameters (such as TiO2 nanoparticle size, electrode thickness, film thickness distribution proportion of the upper and lower electrode, doping concentration, annealing temperature for the electrode) will be systematically investigated from experiment. The variation law of the solar cell performance with the parameters is derived and established. The main characteristic of the project is the proposed layer-by-layer deposition method for perovskite absorber filling and element co-doped electrode, which has great value for high-efficiency perovskite solar cell and other relative optoelectronic devices.

钙钛矿太阳能电池由于其自身的优异特性，近年发展迅速。TiO2纳米颗粒电极被广泛用作钙钛矿太阳能电池的电子输运载体，同时也是钙钛矿吸收层的附着载体。但现今TiO2纳米颗粒电极存在钙钛矿填充率低及电子输运性能低的问题，严重制约了高效钙钛矿太阳能电池的发展。项目以钙钛矿形成机理及电池制备技术特点为基础，通过对电极微结构、制备技术的巧妙设计，提出一种创新的自底向上的钙钛矿分层填充方法，以从根本上解决钙钛矿填充率低的问题。同时，优化电极微结构尺寸，并提出元素共掺杂型电极，以提升电极的电子输运性能。项目从实验中获取电池性能与参数(如TiO2纳米颗粒尺寸、电极厚度、上下层电极的膜厚分配比例、掺杂浓度、电极退火温度等)之间的关系，推导、建立电池性能随参量的变化规律。项目的主要特点是提出的钙钛矿分层填充法和元素共掺杂型电极，对高效钙钛矿太阳能电池以及其他光电功能器件都具有重要意义。

钙钛矿太阳能电池具备低制备成本、高转换效率发电的潜在优势，近年发展迅速。TiO2纳米颗粒电极是其常规的电子输运载体，同时也是钙钛矿吸收层的附着载体。本项目针对TiO2纳米颗粒电极钙钛矿填充率低的问题，以钙钛矿形成机理及电池制备技术特点为基础，通过电极微结构、制备技术的巧妙设计，提出一种自底向上的钙钛矿分层填充方法，实验研究了TiO2纳米颗粒电极制备中相关元素掺杂的影响，对比了钙钛矿填充效果并对其特性进行了分析。针对电极电子输运性能低的问题，研究了元素掺杂对电极电子特性的影响。项目对钙钛矿太阳能电池进行了制备并对其进行了分析、总结。项目的研究对高效钙钛矿太阳能电池以及其他光电功能器件的发展具有重要意义。