基于单晶锐钛矿TiO2纳米棒的固态钙钛矿敏化太阳能电池研究

Development and utilization of new energy is the foundation and strong guarantee for maintaining sustained and rapid increase of China's economy. Solar energy as a clean and renewable energy, is undoubtedly one of the most hot areas of research. This project focuses on fabrication of high efficiency solid state perovskite sensitized solar cells on the basis of novel one-dimensional TiO2 nanostructure. We are planning to use the way of microwave-assisted solvothermal/hydrothermal, acetic acid-based solvothermal and selective etching to break through the bottleneck that single crystal one-dimensional anatase TiO2 arrays are hard to be obtained at present. The charge transport properties will be further improved after treating the TiO2 nanorods by electrochemical and chemical reduction. The method of electrochemical impedance spectra will be utilized to analyze the working principle of cell and confirm the electron distribution, competition, transport routes and processes between the highly conductive TiO2 and perovskite sensitizer, and finally construct the structure activity relationship between nanostructure of TiO2 and the efficiency of perovskite sensitized solar cell. The strategy utilized to synthesize single crystal TiO2 nanorod arrays and the idea for assembling perovskite sensitized solar cell by using TiO2 prepared in this project as semiconductor electrode are pioneering, which will, we believe, provide useful theoretical basis and technical support for the development of new materials and high efficiency solar cells.

新型能源的开发利用是维持我国经济持续快速发展的基础和有力保障。太阳能作为清洁的可再生能源，无疑成为了目前最活跃的研究领域之一。本项目着眼于利用新颖的TiO2一维纳米结构制备高效的固态钙钛矿敏化太阳能电池。拟利用微波联合溶剂热/水热法、基于醋酸的溶剂热法及选择性腐蚀法制备单晶锐钛矿TiO2单晶纳米棒阵列，突破目前单晶锐钛矿TiO2一维阵列难以合成的技术瓶颈。利用电化学和化学还原的后处理方法，进一步提高TiO2纳米棒的电子传输能力。利用电化学阻抗分析电池工作原理，明确电子在高导电性TiO2和钙钛矿敏化剂之间的分配、竞争、传输路线及过程，建立TiO2纳米结构与钙钛矿太阳能电池之间的构效关系。本项目提出的合成单晶锐钛矿TiO2纳米棒阵列的策略及以其为半导体电极组装钙钛矿敏化太阳能电池的设想具有一定的开拓性，有望为新材料的制备和高效太阳能电池的开发提供积极的理论指导和技术支持

面对日益严重的能源危机，新型能源的开发利用无疑是支撑我国社会经济快速发展的有力保障。太阳能作为清洁的可再生能源，无疑成为备受青睐的研究领域之一。本项目拟利用新颖的一维TiO2纳米结构来制备高效固态钙钛矿敏化太阳能电池，因而开发高效TiO2电子传输层材料是该项目的主要研究内容。为此，我们利用水热法、阳极氧化法成功制备了不同形貌的二氧化钛一维纳米阵列，并通过电化学还原、非金属磷掺杂等后处理方法改善了载流子传输和分离效率，实现了二氧化钛能带结构的调控。通过技术转移和拓展，合成了具有一维结构的ZnO和Fe2O3电极，并实现了形貌和晶相调控。通过光电化学反应界面的构建，分别实现了对谷胱甘肽、Hg2+和亚硝酸根离子的分析检测。最后，利用理论计算和扫描电化学显微镜微探针技术对界面电荷转移动力学过程及器件工作机制进行了深入研究和探讨，丰富和发展了光电化学反应基础理论，推动了高效光电转换器件的研制。