多氯联苯在蛋鸡体内和代际传递中富集、分布、转化规律与体外代谢研究

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs）and their hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PCBs) are a group of chemical compounds with strong toxicity and endocrine disruption, which can threat both animal and human health seriously. Numerous studies have investigated the environmental occurrence and bioaccumulation of PCBs & OH-PCBs in wild animals. However, there are only limited studies focused on the accumulation and biotransformation mechanism in farmed animals. In this study, 7 indicator PCBs (PCB28, PCB52, PCB101, PCB118, PCB138, PCB153, PCB180) are selected as representative study objects. The experiments in vivo and in vitro are both conducted to clarify the scientific rules of these PCBs on chicken. The first work is to simulate the exposure of PCBs to assess the in vivo accumulation, distribution and biotransformation behavior in laying hens. The second park of work is to investigate the migratory behavior of PCBs/OH-PCBs on maternal transfer and embryo development processes of chicken. The last work is to determine the metabolites of PCBs which is produced by chicken liver microsomes in vitro, the specific enzymes responsible for their metabolism is identified as well. This study provides critical information on metabolization, accumulation and distribution of PCBs on chicken, which can give some hints for the exploration of their toxic mechanism in poultry farming.

多氯联苯（PCBs）及其代谢物羟基多氯联苯（OH-PCBs）是一类具有强内分泌干扰作用的环境污染物，对动物和人类健康均构成重要威胁。目前，国内外有关PCBs和OH-PCBs的研究主要集中在环境和卫生领域，研究方法主要是监测调查和体外实验，对PCBs及OH-PCBs在养殖动物体内富集转化规律和毒理机制的认识极其匮乏。针对上述问题，本项目拟以蛋鸡为研究对象，深入研究环境中大量存在的几种PCBs单体从饲料向鸡体内的吸收、代谢转化、组织分配和富集规律，以及PCBs和OH-PCBs从母体到鸡蛋的传递特征、在鸡胚胎发育过程中的变化、以及在鸡胚胎器官形成时的分配行为，并开展PCBs鸡肝微粒体体外代谢研究，探明鸡对PCBs代谢的主要酶系和作用机理，从而为进一步开展PCBs在鸡体中的毒性效应研究提供基础，为蛋鸡健康养殖提供理论依据。

多氯联苯（PCBs）是一类影响食品安全和人类健康造的典型环境污染物。但是，对于PCBs在养殖动物体内吸收、代谢、富集和迁移规律等基础问题的研究存在大量空白。本项目以环境中污染丰度较高的7种指示性PCBs（IN-PCBs）同系物为研究对象，建立了饲料和动物组织样品中IN-PCBs和及其羟基化代谢物（OH-PCBs）高灵敏检测方法，探明了OH-PCBs分子结构特征及其Log P值对其在气相色谱柱DB-5MS上洗脱行为影响的规律；开展了鸡肝微粒体体外代谢IN-PCBs试验，揭示了鸡肝脏微粒体对PCBs发生羟基化代谢的分子结构专一性；开展了蛋鸡暴露IN-PCBs试验，探明了7种IN-PCBs同系物在“饲料—蛋鸡—鸡蛋—雏鸡”全链条中的迁移转化规律；开展了IN-PCBs及OH-PCBs代际传递试验，发现了子代雏鸡肝脏和肌肉中呈现出显著的IN-PCBs浓度放大效应和胚胎发育过程对IN-PCBs的代谢作用。研究结果为检测IN-PCBs和推测未知OH-PCBs分子结构提供了技术手段，为科学评估蛋鸡IN-PCBs暴露引起的食品安全风险和蛋鸡产品中IN-PCBs等环境污染物溯源提供了理论支撑。