Type I herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) is a common pathogen that only infects human beings, and causes fever blisters and cold sores on the lips or mouth. HSV is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus and belongs to Herpesviridae family, which can set up primary lytic infection and latent infection. Following the primary infection, virus gains access to sensory nerve termini and travels via retrograde axonal transport to sensory ganglia where the virus establishes latency. The virus can be reactivated when the body suffers stress such as ultraviolet (UV) light, menstruation, psychological stress and results in frequent recurrence of HSV infection. Histone modification and corresponding enzyme like histone deacetylase (HDAC) and its associated protein REST, CoREST and LSD1 play an important role in HSV reactivation and lytic infection. It has been reported that HDAC inhibitor-induced histone acetylation increases HSV lytic infection and reactivation from latency. Our previous study has shown that growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 gamma (GADD45G) was significantly induced during HSV-1 reactivation. Knockdown and overexpression studies indicated that HSV-1 lytic infection requires GADD45G. GADD45G belongs to GADD45 family that plays a vital role in DNA repair, DNA demethylation, histone modification and mediates epigenetic gene activation. What’s more, HDAC inhibition was associated with GADD45G induction. In this study, we will use molecular and cellular biology techniques coupled to LC-MS/MS and bioinformatic analysis to investigate whether GADD45G affects the histone modification and HDAC complex inhibition during HSV-1 infection. And eventually, this study will uncover the molecular mechanism of GADD45G facilitation of HSV replication and provide a cellular target for antiviral therapy as well as a strategy in the development of HSV-1 oncolytic virus.
HSV-1具有急性感染和潜伏感染的特征,众多宿主蛋白参与病毒两种不同感染的调控,其中组蛋白修饰被认为是病毒潜伏感染受到激活而导致急性感染的重要开关之一。本研究组通过基因芯片研究发现,GADD45G(GADD45γ,生长阻滞及DNA损伤诱导基因45G)蛋白在病毒潜伏激活瞬间表达增高,进一步通过细胞中它的敲减和过表达,证明其又为HSV-1急性感染所必需。GADD45G是GADD45蛋白家族三成员之一(α、β、γ),在细胞受到应激时诱导表达,参与DNA损伤修复、DNA去甲基化及组蛋白修饰、肿瘤抑制等过程。我们前期研究强烈提示:GADD45G同时参与病毒的急性感染和潜伏的激活。本研究将就此问题深入探索,拟通过细胞分子生物学和病毒学技术,结合质谱和生物信息学分析从GADD45G功能出发,以GADD45G相互作用蛋白为切入点,重点从组蛋白表观遗传修饰水平揭示GADD45G参与HSV-1感染的分子机理。
HSV-1作为具有囊膜的双链DNA病毒,其具有急性感染和潜伏感染的特点,而众多宿主蛋白参与调控病毒感染过程。研究宿主蛋白和病毒相互作用,有利于对病毒感染过程的理解,以及开发相关抗病毒药物甚至是利用HSV-1作为抗肿瘤药物的开发,本项目主要工作包括以下三项研究。.1)本研究以HSV-1感染模型,在细胞水平研究了病毒裂解性感染过程中GADD45G作为HSV-1感染过程为数不多的被诱导的基因,有利于HSV-1的复制。通过siRNA敲减和敲除细胞系的构建,进一步的机制研究发现,GADD45G蛋白可通过抑制RLR通路重要接头蛋白RIG-I, MDA5的表达以及干扰素诱导相关基因IFI16, IFIT1的表达从而利于HSV-1逃避天然免疫的监视,促进病毒的裂解性感染;而和组蛋白修饰相关基因通路无关,并不影响HDAC1/4, LSD1等关键蛋白的表达。该研究首次证明了作为应激蛋白GADD45G在RLR介导的IFN通路过程中起到负反馈调节作用,虽然进一步的作用机制需要进一步明确,但是提示了GADD45G参与了RLR通路以及IFN诱导的IFI16和IFIT1在介导抗HSV-1感染过程中起重要作用,为抗病毒药物靶点的筛选提供了科学依据。另外,GADD45G蛋白作为少有的能促进HSV-1复制的宿主蛋白,为其以HSV-1作为溶瘤病毒药物的开发,提高病毒溶瘤活性奠定了基础。.2)另外,本项目以抗HSV-1感染作为主要工作任务,开发了以工程化的外泌体,作为抗病毒药物载体,携带针对HSV-1复制关键蛋白ICP4基因的miRNA, 利用宿主hnRNPA2B1蛋白识别的Exo-motif,设计的miRNA被hnRNPA2B1蛋白包裹递送到外泌体中,分泌到胞外,发挥抗HSV-1感染作用。该研究首次发明了人工通过设计的携带Exo-motif的miRNA被外泌体主动包裹,靶向靶基因,发挥功能,为外泌体包裹miRNA药物的开发开辟新的思路。.3)通过进一步的研究证明hnRNPA2B1蛋白在外泌体的分泌和HSV-1病毒的活性颗粒的胞内成熟包装释放过程也发挥重要作用,而与其传统经典的RNA选择性剪切功能不相关。这部分的工作正在投稿中,将首次发现hnRNPA2B1蛋白参与在HSV-1感染释放过程,为其作为抗HSV-1感染靶点的筛选提供了科学基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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