基于车内声品质的混合动力汽车动力耦合研究

The theory of power coupling and control strategy for the power system of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) will be explored, and then the design parameters of the electromechanical coupling power system will be optimized in order to control the vehicle interior sound quality. The models for their dynamic analysis of engine, driving motor, electric generator and power coupling mechanism of the HEV will be established separately. A whole dynamic model of power driving system will be combined with the four subsystems for computing and analyzing the vibration and noise properties of power driving system of HEV. Secondly, the excitations from engine, electric motor and electric generator and their impacting mechanism on the vibration and noise of power driving system will be studied. The influence of power distribution between engine and electric motor on the vibration and noise of power driving system will be researched also when the vehicle works with hybrid power sources. Thirdly, an analyzing model of the hybrid power system will be established in order to study the vibration and shock induced by the power source changing. Experiment study will be also conducted for the vibration and shock induced when the hybrid power driving system works in different modes. The control method for the power changing procedure of working modes will be then studied, and a harmony control scheme could be presented as a result for improving the vibration and noise properties of the hybrid power system. Fourthly, the sound quality experiment of interior noise for HEV will be conducted. The influence and relationship of power distribution and their coupling pattern between engine and electric motor of power driving system on the interior sound quality will be studied then. Fifthly, the objective and subjective evaluation methods of sound quality will be further researched in order to establish more reasonable nonlinear evaluating models than those ever established. Then the sound quality of HEV can be expected with the evaluating models, and some basis could be provided for improving its sound quality. Sixthly, the control theory and strategy of electromechanic coupling power system of HEV will be further studied in order to improve interior sound quality, so as to satisfying the vehicle power demand and also improving the acoustic comfort of HEV. The research results of this project could provide an important basis for designing power system of HEV and promote the development of hybrid electric vehicle technology.

依据车内声品质，探索混合动力汽车动力系统动力耦合理论和控制策略，优化机电耦合动力系统设计参数。建立发动机、电动机、发电机和动力耦合装置等子系统的动力学模型与汽车动力系统整体动力学模型，分析动力系统振动噪声特性。研究发动机、电动机与发电机的激励与其振动噪声对动力系统振动噪声的影响机理；探索发动机、电动机动力分配对动力系统振动噪声和车内噪声的影响规律。创建混合动力系统分析模型，研究动力切换过程中的振动冲击；进行不同工况下动力系统振动冲击试验研究，研究动力切换过程的控制策略，提出改善振动性能的协调控制方案。进行车内声品质试验，研究汽车车内声品质特性与机电耦合动力系统耦合方式和动力分配的关系；研究声品质的主客观评价方法，建立合理的非线性评价模型，实现汽车声品质的预测，为声品质改善提供依据。以车内声品质为目标，研究汽车动力系统机电耦合控制理论和控制策略，既满足动力需求，又改善汽车的声学舒适性。

本项目选取采用双行星排动力耦合机构的某混联式混合动力汽车（HEV）作为研究对象，详细研究分析了样车的动力系统和复杂的运行工况。通过对HEV的整车结构，尤其是对动力耦合系统的深入研究和分析，建立了HEV发动机、电机、以及整体动力系统的动力学分析模型，探索了HEV动力系统的振动噪声分析理论和方法。采用列线图方法，从理论上分析了在多种工况下，HEV的电机、发动机和动力耦合机构的运动特征，以及它们之间的动力分配关系。深入研究了HEV动力耦合系统的动力学特性和振动噪声特性及其对车内声品质的影响机理。重点研究了HEV的车内声品质，探讨了HEV稳态和非稳态车内声品质的评价方法和评价模型，建立了几种精度较高的声品质评价预测模型，例如，基于LSSVM算法的声品质评价预测模型、基于PSOGA-BP神经网络的声品质评价预测模型、以样本熵为特征参数的声品质预测模型、基于时频联合域特征参数的声品质预测模型等。深入研究了HEV动力耦合系统工作模式及其对车内声品质的影响，在此基础上研究了机电动力耦合系统模式切换的控制策略，提出了电机转矩补偿的动态协调控制策略和基于模型预测控制算法的动态协调控制策略两种效果很好的模式切换控制策略，显著减小了模式切换引起的动态冲击。针对HEV动力耦合系统的设计方案，从改善车内声品质的角度对机电混合动力耦合系统的设计参数进行了宏观优化和微观优化，提升了动力耦合系统的设计水平，改善了动力耦合系统的动力学性能和振动噪声特性。此外，还研究探索了HEV车内声品质的控制问题，分别采取被动控制和主动控制方案，使车内噪声特性和声品质得到显著改善。 .项目组采取的HEV动力系统振动噪声的分析技术为汽车振动噪声研究增添了新的内容和经验，提出的动力系统模式切换控制策略、稳态和非稳态车内声品质预测模型特色明显，创新性和实用性强，提出的车内声品质控制技术效果明显，值得推广应用。