As the most common intraocular malignant tumor, uveal melanoma (UM) has the high metastasis and mortality rate, which makes it an urgent problem to reveal its pathogenesis. Studies on traditional genetics are widely made, but mechanisms on epigenetics, especially on long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) remain not clear. CASC15 lncRNA is reported to be closely related to tumorigenesis. However its function is controversial between different types of tumors, and the underlying mechanism is not well expounded. In preliminary work, we identified a novel transcription CASC15-UM1 (UM1) from UM. It was confirmed that the level of UM1 lncRNA was significantly decreased in UM cells and tissues. Over-expressed UM1 lncRNA could reduce the capability of migration of UM cells and activate expression of target gene XIST.Based on these findings, we propose the hypothesis that UM1 lncRNA determines UM tumorigenesis by modification of XIST gene expression.As the breakthrough point of the novel lncRNA transcription and epigenetics technology, this project aims to explore UM1 lncRNA epigenetics modification of XIST promoter, reveal the key protein factor during modification, expound the regulation feature of lncRNA in UM, as well as provide thinking and reference for researches on other lncRNA revolved diseases.
葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UM)是成人最常见的内眼肿瘤,转移率高死亡率高,严重威胁生命健康,揭示其发病机制已成为亟待解决的重要问题。UM病因研究虽已广泛开展,但以长非编码RNA(lncRNA)为代表的表观遗传研究却尚未深入阐明。CASC15是与肿瘤发生相关的lncRNA,然而其功能尚存在争议,作用机制仍不明确。项目组前期证实CASC15在UM中存在一个新转录产物,将其命名为CASC15-UM1(UM1),UM1 在UM中表达显著下降,UM1过表达能降低UM的转移能力,促进靶基因XIST表达。据此本项目提出了UM1 介导XIST基因调控UM发生的机制假设。本项目将以新lncRNA转录本为突破口,采用特色的表观遗传技术手段,探究UM1对XIST的表观遗传修饰,揭示参与修饰的关键蛋白,阐述UM中lncRNA的调控特点,期望为UM的机制研究拓展思路,为lncRNA参与的其他类型疾病的研究提供有益的借鉴。
项目背景 .葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UM)是成人最常见的内眼肿瘤,转移率高死亡率高,严重威胁生命健康,揭示其发病机制已成为亟待解决的重要问题。UM病因研究虽已广泛开展,但以长非编码RNA(lncRNA)为代表的表观遗传研究却尚未深入阐明。.主要研究内容.CASC15是与肿瘤发生相关的lncRNA,然而其功能尚存在争议,作用机制仍不明确。项目组前期证实CASC15在UM中存在一个新转录产物,将其命名为CASC15-UM1(UM1),UM1 在UM中表达显著下降,UM1过表达能降低UM的转移能力,促进靶基因XIST表达。据此本项目提出了UM1介导XIST基因调控UM发生的机制假设。.重要结果.将CASC15-UM1(UM1)更名为CANT1 (CASC15-New-Transcript 1)。证明了CANT1的核心功能域为外显子5和外显子6的区域。XIST lncRNA是CANT1的下游靶点。XIST在女性来源的两株UM细胞中表达异常沉默,当CANT1表达时,XIST的表达被重新激活。CANT1对XIST的表达调控是通过另外两条lncRNA JPX和FTX来实现的。CANT1通过两条lncRNA级联反应通路来调控XIST的表达。CANT1可以直接结合在JPX和FTX的启动子区,激活H3K4组蛋白甲基化,继而激活下游靶点XIST的表达,发挥肿瘤抑制作用。.关键数据及其科学意义.CANT1的外显子5和外显子6是其核心功能域。推测CASC15的各个转录本虽具体结构不同,但拥有此结构域的其他转录本可能具有同样的肿瘤抑制作用。CANT1对下游靶基因XIST的调控是用过两条lncRNAJPX和FTX实现的。不同于传统的蛋白质通路,这是一条由lncRNA构成的新的调控模式,称之为lncRNA级联反应调控模式。这种调控模式的提出为lncRNA在肿瘤中的功能研究提供了新的方向。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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